Respiratory Disease in the COVID-19 Era

• Other Authors: Okamoto, Masaki (Editor)
• Format: Electronic Book Chapter
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2023
• Subjects: Medicine; Epidemiology & medical statistics; heart rate; COVID-19; pulmonary rehabilitation; COVID-19 vaccines; adult; pneumonia; risk; SARS-CoV-2; Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia; interstitial pneumonia; steroids; immunosuppressive drugs; spontaneous pneumomediastinum; subcutaneous emphysema; therapeutic plasma exchange; ARDS; inflammatory markers; survival; immunocompromised host; Bruton's tyrosine kinase; persistent infection; pulmonary paragonimiasis; Paragonimus westermani; post-COVID-19 condition; delayed diagnosis; case cluster; Bamlanivimab; Etesevimab; lung ultrasound; RT-qPCR; HRCT; diabetes mellitus; computed tomographic severity score; immunocompromised; coronavirus disease 2019; hydroxychloroquine; severe acute respiratory syndrome; n/a; diaphragm; thoracic mobilization; respiratory function
• Online Access: DOAB: download the publication; DOAB: description of the publication

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new respiratory disease caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that caused a global pandemic. COVID-19 patients often develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which involves acute and lethal respiratory failure. In a meta-analysis, the median incidence of ARDS in COVID-19 patients was found to be 35 (2-79)%, while the mortality rate in COVID-19-associated ARDS patients was found to be 39 (12.5-73.1)% (Hasan, et al. Expert Rev Repoir Med. 2020; 14: 1149). As of 12 December 2021, 270,373,764 cases had been confirmed as COVID-19 and 5,321,321 cases had resulted in death, according to the World Health Organization webpage. Various symptoms such as persistent fatigue, myalgia, and insomnia can persist after recovery from COVID-19; these symptoms are called "long COVID-19". Patients with COVID-19 who survive but develop pulmonary fibrosis may experience persistent dyspnea upon exertion, a decrease in pulmonary function, and/or a radiological abnormal shadow. Antifibrotic drugs including nintedanib and pirfenidone are candidate drugs for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis due to COVID-19; randomized controlled trials are ongoing. However, there are limited studies about respiratory disease caused by COVID-19. Given the clinical significance of this topic and its impact on clinical practice and public health, Medicina have published a Special Issue entitled "Respiratory Disease in the COVID-19 Era" with the aim of gathering accurate and up-to-date scientific information of this topic.