Clinical Research on Type 2 Diabetes and Its Complications

• Other Authors: Gómez-Peralta, Fernando (Editor)
• Format: Electronic Book Chapter
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2023
• Subjects: Medicine; dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor; diabetes mellitus; diabetic retinopathy; progression; machine learning; diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy; random forest; prediction; electrophysiology; COVID-19; hyperglycemia; glycemic control; blood glucose monitoring; telemedicine; fibrosis; NAFLD; diabetes; screening; primary care; secondary care; glucose variability; end-stage kidney disease; Korean National Health Insurance Corporation; microvascular complications; cardiac autonomic neuropathy; diabetic peripheral neuropathy; diabetic nephropathy; patient profiles; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; NASH; type 2 diabetes; cardiovascular disease; cardiovascular complications; CVD; complex intervention; behaviour change intervention; co-design; continuity of care; developing country; Ethiopia; patient participation; patient transfer; stroke outcome; skin autofluorescence; advanced glycation end products; poststroke complications; obesity and diabetes mellitus type 2; research; hospitalization; risk factors; cardiovascular diseases; type 2; gender; type 2 diabetes mellitus; bone fragility; fracture risk; bone structure; bone quality; cardiac fibrosis; pulse wave velocity; liraglutide; body weight; obesity; hypoglycemia; meta-analysis; nephropathy; urine albumin-creatinine ratio; diabetes complications; coronavirus infections; hypoglycemic agents; ambulatory care; comorbidity; glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist; HbA1c; real-world evidence; semaglutide; SURE study; pneumatosis intestinalis; alpha-glucosidase inhibitors; acarbose; voglibose; miglitol; comorbidities; concomitant drugs; prednisone; immunosuppressants; n/a; depression; sex; in-hospital mortality; readmission; empagliflozin; SGLT-2; monocytes; endothelial cells; vascular dysfunction; chemotaxis; reactive oxygen species (ROS); glucose transport; VEGFR-2; VEGFR-1
• Online Access: DOAB: download the publication; DOAB: description of the publication

The huge prevalence of type 2 diabetes is a leading human and economic concern worldwide. The diagnosis code of type 2 diabetes includes multiple clinical phenotypes showing different degrees of obesity, fat distribution patterns, types of dyslipidemia, and characteristics of insulin resistance syndrome. In addition, subjects with type 2 diabetes could develop different clinical trajectories, with age being a critical factor in progression. The chronic complications of type 2 diabetes are a major cause of mortality and disability, and are ranked in the top places in western countries' scores. The pathophysiological heterogeneity of type 2 diabetes is not captured by the current classifications and guidelines. The potential for diabetes progression and complications developing is different depending on the type 2 diabetes cluster, which is mostly regardless of the degree of glycemic control. However, the impact on quality and life expectancy with the current therapeutic approach is not always the same for every individual. Clinical research is the key to reducing the burden of diabetes. New basic, digital, and clinical approaches are obtaining useful knowledge and designing more individualized interventions to prevent, track, and treat diabetic complications. This Special Issue is a clear reflection of this methodological evolution.