Effects of Mycotoxins on the Intestine

• Main Author: Oswald, Isabelle P. (auth)
• Other Authors: Pinton, Philippe (auth), Alassane-Kpembi, Imourana (auth)
• Format: Electronic Book Chapter
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2019
• Subjects: Medicine; toxicity; intestinal epithelial cells; n/a; piglets; toll-like receptors; permeability; aflatoxin M1; pig; N-acetylcysteine; pigs; histology; pre-pubertal gilts; histopathological lesions; Mitochondrial apoptosis; explant technique; Lactobacillus; liver; ergot alkaloids; digestive tract; ultrastructure; hydrogen-rich water; genotoxicity; proliferating cell nuclear antigen; mycotoxin; feed; intestinal morphology; functional oligosaccharides; Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCM I-1079; jejunum; small intestine; detoxification; vasoactive intestinal polypeptide; PCR; atlantic salmon; ileum; microbiota; sclerotia; zearalenone; intestine; doses; mycotoxins; transcriptome; lipid metabolism; Zearalenone; caecal water; mice; deoxynivalenol; aflatoxin B1; goblet cells; inflammation; intestinal bacterial flora; SIEC02 cells; piglet; colon microbiota; tight junctions; tight junction; suppressor of cytokine signaling; ochratoxin A; Claviceps; T-2 toxin; MiSeq 16S rDNA sequencing; lactulose; Clostridium sp. WJ06; swine; intestinal microbiota; fumonisin; response; contaminated feed; Fusarium mycotoxins; microbial diversity; enteric nervous system; large intestine; ultrastructural changes; oxidative stress
• Online Access: DOAB: download the publication; DOAB: description of the publication

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by several fungal species. They can contaminate human food and animal feed, and have been a threat for thousands of years. The gastrointestinal tract is the first target when ingesting mycotoxin-contaminated food or feed. As unlikely as it sounds, the investigations concerning the effects of mycotoxins on the intestine are still in their early stages. This book gathers the most recent advances related to the characterization of the intestinal toxicity of mycotoxins. Substantial data assembled on the damage caused to a number of histological structures and functions of the intestine remove any remaining doubt about this organ being a primary target for the toxicity of mycotoxins. An interesting overview of the detrimental effects of mycotoxins on the gut-hosted microbiota—now regarded as a fully-fledged organ associated with the gut—is also given. Finally, outstanding contributions in this book address questions relating to the suitability of current regulations to protect against alterations of the intestine, and to the efficacy assessment of new detoxification strategies using the intestinal toxicity of mycotoxins as a relevant endpoint.