The Role of MicroRNAs in Plants

Discovered in plants at the turn of the century, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to be fundamental to many aspects of plant biology. These small (20-24 nt) regulatory RNAs are derived via processing from longer imperfect double-stranded RNAs. They are then incorporated into silencing complexes, w...

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Main Author: Millar, Anthony (auth)
Format: Electronic Book Chapter
Language:English
Published: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2020
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520 |a Discovered in plants at the turn of the century, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to be fundamental to many aspects of plant biology. These small (20-24 nt) regulatory RNAs are derived via processing from longer imperfect double-stranded RNAs. They are then incorporated into silencing complexes, which they guide to (m)RNAs of high sequence complementarity, resulting in gene silencing outcomes, either via RNA degradation and/or translational inhibition. Some miRNAs are ancient, being present in all species of land plants and controlling fundamental processes such as phase change, organ polarity, flowering, and leaf and root development. However, there are many more miRNAs that are much less conserved and with less understood functions. This Special Issue contains seven research papers that span from understanding the function of a single miRNA family to examining how the miRNA profiles alter during abiotic stress or nutrient deficiency. The possibility of circular RNAs in plants acting as miRNA decoys to inhibit miRNA function is investigated, as was the hierarchical roles of miRNA biogenesis factors in the maintenance of phosphate homeostasis. Three reviews cover the potential of miRNAs for agronomic improvement of maize, the role of miRNA-triggered secondary small RNAs in plants, and the potential function of an ancient plant miRNA. 
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650 7 |a Biology, life sciences  |2 bicssc 
653 |a microRNAs 
653 |a abiotic stress 
653 |a Arabidopsis thaliana 
653 |a heat stress 
653 |a photosynthesis 
653 |a maize (Zea mays L.) 
653 |a immunoprecipitation 
653 |a tapetum 
653 |a resurrection plants 
653 |a plastocyanin 
653 |a dehydration 
653 |a Tripogon loliiformis 
653 |a secondary siRNA 
653 |a RT-qPCR 
653 |a putrescine 
653 |a DRB2 
653 |a phosphate (PO4) stress 
653 |a argonaute 
653 |a development 
653 |a miR399-directed PHO2 expression regulation 
653 |a circRNA 
653 |a Solanum lycopersicum 
653 |a copper deficiency 
653 |a salt stress 
653 |a DOUBLE-STRANDED RNA BINDING (DRB) proteins DRB1 
653 |a P5CS 
653 |a proline 
653 |a phasiRNA 
653 |a drought stress 
653 |a agronomic traits 
653 |a Colorado potato beetle 
653 |a Cu-microRNA 
653 |a plant 
653 |a miR171 
653 |a STTM 
653 |a aleurone 
653 |a PHOSPHATE2 (PHO2) 
653 |a vegetative growth 
653 |a nutrient availability 
653 |a miRNAs 
653 |a non-coding RNA 
653 |a pollen 
653 |a tomato 
653 |a flowering 
653 |a crop improvement 
653 |a callose 
653 |a miRNA target gene expression 
653 |a circular RNAs 
653 |a miRNA 
653 |a programmed cell death 
653 |a DRB4 
653 |a microRNA (miRNA) 
653 |a target mimicry 
653 |a MYB transcription factors 
653 |a post-transcriptional gene silencing 
653 |a desiccation 
653 |a miR399 
653 |a miR159 
653 |a copper protein 
653 |a drought 
653 |a microRNAs (miRNAs) 
653 |a microRNA 
653 |a GAMYB 
653 |a tasiRNA 
653 |a phosphorous (P) 
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