New Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches for the Care of the Severely Injured Patient

• Other Authors: Hildebrand, Frank (Editor), Horst, Klemens (Editor)
• Format: Electronic Book Chapter
• Language: English
• Published: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2020
• Subjects: Medicine; PICS; trauma; immunology; infectious complications; virtual reality; burn; hand; mTICCS; TICCS; massive transfusion; shock; multiple trauma; polytrauma; bleeding; transfusion; Arthroscopy-assisted corrective osteotomy; tibial plateau malunion; tibial plateau nonunion; proliferation; lymphocytes; regulatory T cells; IL-10; sepsis; complement; patients; extracorporeal shock wave therapy; hypertrophic scar; hand function; risk factors; knee joint injuries; knee dislocation; ligament injuries; traumatic brain injury (TBI); risk prediction; biomarker; IL-6; posttraumatic inflammation; S100b; NSE; GFAP; multiple-injured patient; spine injury; AOSpine classification; time to surgery; spinal cord injury; rehabilitation; exercises; hemostasis; venous thrombosis; sarcopenia; prevalence; mortality; skeletal mass index; muscle mass; intraoperative CT scan; distal radius fracture; O-arm radius fracture; intraoperative CT scan in trauma; DHEA; steroids; catecholamine; health service research; management of major trauma; geriatric major trauma; outcome research; patient-reported outcome; Polytrauma; flail chest; thoracic injury; pubic ramus fractures; fragility fractures of the pelvis; living condition; mobility; quality of life; trauma resuscitation unit; emergency medicine; injury severity; abbreviated injury scale; injury severity score; pelvic fracture; fragility fractures; pelvic ring; pelvic ring fracture; insole-force sensors; weight-bearing; geriatric fracture; cervical artery dissection; vertebral artery; carotid artery; severely injured; computed tomography; sacroiliac-screw; SI-screw; percutaneous operation; augmentation; fragility fracture; 3-D navigation; airway management; intubation; laryngoscopy; video; prehospital care; rescue helicopter; air ambulance; chest trauma; weight disorders; overweight; obesity; outcome; thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm; ribonuclease; ribonuclease inhibitor 1; complex aortic surgery; acute kidney injury; n/a
• Online Access: DOAB: download the publication; DOAB: description of the publication

Trauma represents a leading cause of death, particularly in the younger population. Traumatic brain injury and hemorrhage are the most common causes of early death, whereas complications such as infections, (multi-)organ failure and "persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome" (PICS) represent relevant factors for late adverse outcomes. Pre- and intra-hospital diagnostic and therapeutic standard operating procedures have been shown to beneficially influence posttraumatic outcome. However, development of patient-specific diagnostic and therapeutic strategies remains challenging due to uncertainties regarding the assessment of the individual risk profile. Furthermore, the relevance of prevention and rehabilitation measures to avoid unfavorable long-term consequences of trauma is not fully elucidated. With this Special Issue, we wanted to reflect the current knowledge about the pathomechanisms associated with the impact of severe injury and its consequences for the further clinical course on the one hand, and to point out new insights in regard to diagnostic and therapeutic approaches on the other hand. Furthermore, interesting aspects for future directions for the care of severely injured patients are illustrated.