Challenges and Prospects of Steelmaking Towards the Year 2050

• Other Authors: Holappa, Lauri (Editor)
• Format: Electronic Book Chapter
• Language: English
• Published: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2021
• Subjects: Technology: general issues; ironmaking; carbon emissions; energy consumption; flash ironmaking process; alternate ironmaking processes; direct reduction; smelting reduction; iron ore concentrate; natural gas; digitalization; digital technologies; digital transformation; steel industry; digital skills; industrial restructuring; carbon emission; technology upgrade; steel; environment; mining; production; circular economy; lean and frugal design; ecology transition; climate change; pollution; toxicology; metals; metallic products; environmental impact; carbon capture and storage; CO2 mineralization; steelmaking slags; nanoparticles; life cycle assessment (LCA); by-products; industrial symbiosis; reuse; recycling; CO2 mitigation; hydrogen; kinetics; fossil-free steel; hydrogen direct-reduced iron (H2DRI); melting of H2DRI in EAF (Electric Arc Furnace); hydrogen production by water electrolysis; hydrogen storage; grid balancing; renewable electricity; climate warming; carbon footprint; energy saving; emissions mitigation; electricity generation; hydrogen in steelmaking; steel vision; mini blast furnace; charcoal; mathematical model; gas injection; kinetic models; self-reducing burden; iron ore; coking coal; DRI; scrap; blue dust; decarbonization; n/a
• Online Access: DOAB: download the publication; DOAB: description of the publication

The world steel industry is strongly based on coal/coke in ironmaking, resulting in huge carbon dioxide emissions corresponding to approximately 7% of the total anthropogenic CO2 emissions. As the world is experiencing a period of imminent threat owing to climate change, the steel industry is also f...