Paleopoplave v porečju kraške Ljubljanice

• Main Author: Ferk, Mateja (auth)
• Format: Electronic Book Chapter
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: Ljubljana ZRC SAZU, Založba ZRC 2016
• Series: Geografija Slovenije 33
• Subjects: Slovenia; Limnology (freshwater); Regional geography; Natural disasters; Dinaric karst; floods; geomorphology; karst (geology); karstology; Ljubljanica; paleofloods; physical geography; Quaternary; Dinarski kras; fizična geografija; geomorfologija; kras (geologija); krasoslovje; kvartar; paleopoplave; poplave
• Online Access: DOAB: download the publication; DOAB: description of the publication

The scientific monograph ('Palaeofloods in karstic Ljubljanica River Catchment') presents a research on palaeofloods in the main water confluence in the Ljubljanica River Catchment, namely the area between the Pivka Basin, Cerknica Karst Polje, and Planina Karst Polje. Several geomorphological forms genetically related to floods have been identified, e.g. floodplains, river terraces, corrosion notches on cave walls, as well as laminated fine-grained sediments. Since they were found at higher altitudes than the present floods reach, they were considered as palaeoflood features. Morphometric analysis of the studied geomorphological forms was used to determine the volume of palaeofloods and their altitudinal range. The hydrometric characteristics of the palaeofloods where calculated by computer modelling. Petrological analyses of fine-grained sediments from the surface and caves were used to determine the origin of sediments and their settling velocities, hence to prove their flood origin. Furthermore, morpho-chronological analyses with radiometric methods 14C and U-Th on flowstones interlaying with flood sediments where carried out. The results show that the volume and altitude of palaeofloods throughout the study area fairly exceeded the highest known recent floods.

Paleopoplave v porečju kraške Ljubljanice so bile preučevane na območju najpomembnejšega sotočja vod, med Pivško kotlino ter Cerkniškim in Planinskim kraškim poljem. Poplavne oblike se na tem območju pojavljajo tudi na bistveno višjih nadmorskih višinah kot jih dosežejo najvišje poplave v današnjih hidroloških razmerah. Te oblike, ki so danes nad hidrološko aktivnim nivojem, so obravnavane kot sledi paleopoplav. Z več metodami je bil ugotovljen prostorski obseg ter dinamika sedimentacije gradiva ob paleopoplavah. Časovna umestitev paleopoplav je temeljila na datacijah sige z radiometričnima metodama 14C in U-Th. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da je bila jakost poplav v preteklosti bistveno večja, a je bila dinamika pojavljanja paleopoplav podobna današnjim. Tako kot ob današnjih poplavah v porečju Ljubljanice se je tudi ob paleopoplavah iz suspenzije odlagalo drobnozrnato gradivo. Hidrološki razvoj porečja se je skladno z dinamiko geomorfnih procesov spreminjal skozi več faz paleookoljskih sprememb v kvartarju.