Varovanje in trajnostni razvoj kulturne pokrajine Ljubljanskega barja

• Main Author: Šmid Hribar, Mateja (auth)
• Format: Electronic Book Chapter
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: Ljubljana ZRC SAZU, Založba ZRC 2016
• Series: Georitem 27
• Subjects: Slovenia; Regional geography; Conservation of the environment; Social impact of environmental issues; cultural landscape; environment protection; geography; land use; Ljubljansko barje; sustainable development; geografija; kulturna pokrajina; raba tal; trajnostni razvoj; varstvo okolja
• Online Access: DOAB: download the publication; DOAB: description of the publication

The monograph ('Protection and sustainable development of a cultural landscape: the case of Ljubljana Moor') introduces research findings about the structure and functions of the Ljubljana Moor (Ljubljansko barje) cultural landscape. This landscape is composed of a plain with isolated hills (inselbergs) and hills on the outskirts. Floods are still frequent. Due to its exceptional biodiversity, in 2008 the area was proclaimed a landscape park. In the study we identified 28 landscape elements in 3 pilot sites - depending on the geological substratum, water, and land use - which contribute to landscape diversity. Payments to farmers have a significant impact on land use which influences greatly land cultivation and sustainable breeding, while these have a considerably lower influence on the preservation of semi natural landscape elements. We discovered that in terms of sustainability the key tendency is to strive to such a landscape diversity that ensures optimum landscape functioning and various ecosystem services.The analysis of landscape changes over 4 study periods showed that, initially, agriculture, settlement, and water management were the main drivers~however, over recent decades the importance of nature protection and tourism has increased. In today's landscape there are two conflicting trends: intensification and land abandonment .

Znanstvena monografija podaja spoznanja o strukturi in funkciji kulturne pokrajine Ljubljanskega barja, ki jo sestavljajo ravnina, sredi katere se dvigajo osamelci, ter hribovje in gričevje na obrobju. Večji del območja, ki ga bistveno zaznamuje voda in izjemna biotska pestrost, je bil leta 2008 razglašen za Krajinski park Ljubljansko barje. V raziskavi smo na treh pilotnih območjih identificirali 28 pokrajinskih gradnikov, ki so odvisni od geološke podlage, vode ter od rabe zemljišč in prispevajo h pokrajinski pestrosti. Pomemben vpliv na rabo zemljišč imajo kmetijska plačila kmetom, ki največ prispevajo k obdelanosti zemljišč ter sonaravni reji, precej manj pa k ohranjanju bolj naravnih pokrajinskih gradnikov. V monografiji ugotavljamo, da je z vidika trajnostnosti ključno stremljenje k takšni pokrajinski pestrosti, ki zagotavlja čim boljše delovanje pokrajine in več različnih ekosistemskih storitev. Analiza razvoja pilotnih območij v štirih časovnih obdobjih je pokazala, da so bile sprva v pokrajini glavne gonilne sile kmetijstvo, poselitev in upravljanje z vodo, v zadnjih desetletjih pa postajata vse pomembnejši gonilni sili naravovarstvo in turizem.