Hepatic Encephalopathy Clinical Challenges and Opportunities

• Other Authors: Ridola, Lorenzo (Editor), Riggio, Oliviero (Editor)
• Format: Electronic Book Chapter
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2023
• Subjects: Medicine; hyperammonemia; liver; mitochondria; ketogenesis; gluconeogenesis; brain energy crisis; cirrhosis; liver disease; epidemiology; hepatic encephalopathy; transjugular portosystemic intrahepatic shunt; liver cirrhosis; minimal hepatic encephalopathy; nerve conduction; thermal sensitivity; autonomic testing; n/a; bile acids; antibiotic resistance; enema; capsules; hospitalizations; cognitive function; liver failure; encephalopathy; delirium; coma; porto-sinusoidal vascular liver disease; idiopathic non-cirrhotic portal hypertension; portal vein thrombosis; porto-systemic shunt; sarcopenia; myosteatosis; protein caloric-malnutrition; dietary intervention; mortality; quality of life; sleep disorders; therapy; non-absorbable disaccharides; rifaximin
• Online Access: DOAB: download the publication; DOAB: description of the publication

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex neurological syndrome, characteristic of patients with liver disease, that causes a wide and complex spectrum of nonspecific neurological and psychiatric manifestations, ranging from a subclinical entity such as minimal or covert hepatic encephalopathy to a deep form in which a complete alteration of consciousness can be observed: overt hepatic encephalopathy. Both minimal and overt hepatic encephalopathy have a high impact on patients, caregivers, and national health services, driving substantial consumption of economic resources. In this Special Issue, we discussed the current state-of-the-art research, address ongoing knowledge gaps, and ongoing controversies related to the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic management of hepatic encephalopathy.