Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Hampers COVID-19: A Controlled Cross-Sectional Study in High-Burden Endemic Areas of Iran

• 主要な著者: Mehdi Bamorovat (著者), Iraj Sharifi (著者), Mehdi Shafiei Bafti (著者), Setareh Agha Kuchak Afshari (著者), Mohammad Reza Aflatoonian (著者), Ali Karamoozian (著者), Abdollah Jafarzadeh (著者), Raheleh Amirzadeh (著者), Ahmad Khosravi (著者), Zahra Babaei (著者), Farzane Safa (著者), Fatemeh Sharifi (著者), Amireh Heshmatkhah (著者)
• フォーマット: 図書
• 出版事項: Springer, 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z.
• 主題: article
• オンライン･アクセス: Connect to this object online.

要約

Abstract Introduction Emerging infectious diseases such as SARS-CoV-2 can cause pandemics and create a critical risk for humans. In a previous pilot study, we reported that the immunological responses induced by cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) could decrease the incidence and severity of COVID-19. In this large-scale case-control study, we assessed the possible relationship between mortality and morbidity of COVID-19 in healed CL persons suffering scars compared to cases without CL history. Methods This controlled cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2020 and December 2022 in the endemic and high-burden areas of CL in southeastern Iran. In the study, 1400 previous CL cases with scars and 1,521,329 subjects who had no previous CL were analyzed. We used R 4.0.2 to analyze the data. Firth's bias reduction approach corresponding to the penalization of likelihood logistic regression by Jeffreys was also employed to influence the variables in the dataset. Also, a Bayesian ordinal logistic regression model was performed to explore the COVID-19 severity in both case and referent groups. Results The occurrence and severity rate of COVID-19 in CL scar cases are significantly less than in the non-CL control group, while in the CL scar subjects, patients with critical conditions and mortality were not observed. The morbidity (OR = 0.11, CI 0.06-0.20 and P < 0.001) and severity of COVID-19 in previous cases with CL scars were significantly diminished than that in the control group (credible interval − 2.57, − 1.62). Conclusions The results represented a durable negative relationship between cured CL and COVID-19 incidence and severity. Additional studies seem necessary and should be designed to further validate the true impact and underlying mechanistic action of CL on COVID-19. Graphical abstract

記述事項

10.1007/s44197-023-00179-0
2210-6014