Evaluation of Bile Salts on the Survival and Modulation of Virulence of <i>Aliarcobacter butzleri</i>
<i>Aliarcobacter butzleri</i> is a Gram-negative bacterium associated with infections of the gastrointestinal tract and widely distributed in various environments. For successful infection, <i>A. butzleri</i> should be able to tolerate various stresses during gastrointestinal...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Book |
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MDPI AG,
2023-08-01T00:00:00Z.
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| Summary: | <i>Aliarcobacter butzleri</i> is a Gram-negative bacterium associated with infections of the gastrointestinal tract and widely distributed in various environments. For successful infection, <i>A. butzleri</i> should be able to tolerate various stresses during gastrointestinal passage, such as bile. Bile represents an antimicrobial host barrier that acts against external noxious agents and consists of a variety of bile salts. The intestinal bile salts act as detergents involved in the antimicrobial host defense; although, on the bacterial side, they could also serve as a signal to activate virulence mechanisms. The aim of this work was to understand the effects of bile salts on the survival and virulence of <i>A. butzleri</i>. In our study, <i>A. butzleri</i> was able to survive in the presence of human physiological concentrations of bile salts. Regarding the virulence features, an increase in cellular hydrophobicity, a decrease in motility and expression of <i>flaA</i> gene, as well as an increase in biofilm formation with a concomitant change in the type of biofilm structure were observed in the presence of sub-inhibitory concentration of bile salts. Concerning adhesion and invasion ability, no significant difference was observed. Overall, the results demonstrated that <i>A. butzleri</i> is able to survive in physiological concentrations of bile salts and that exposure to bile salts could change its virulence mechanisms. |
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| Item Description: | 10.3390/antibiotics12091387 2079-6382 |