Molecular Detection of Fluoroquinolone Resistance among Multidrug-, Extensively Drug-, and Pan-Drug-Resistant <i>Campylobacter</i> Species in Egypt

• Main Authors: Ahmed M. Ammar (Author), Marwa I. Abd El-Hamid (Author), Rania M. S. El-Malt (Author), Doaa S. Azab (Author), Sarah Albogami (Author), Mohammad M. Al-Sanea (Author), Wafaa E. Soliman (Author), Mohammed M. Ghoneim (Author), Mahmoud M. Bendary (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: MDPI AG, 2021-11-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Summary

In recent times, resistant foodborne pathogens, especially of the <i>Campylobacter</i> species, have created several global crises. These crises have been compounded due to the evolution of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens and the emergence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and pan-drug-resistant (PDR) strains. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the development of resistance and the existence of both XDR and PDR among <i>Campylobacter</i> isolates. Moreover, we explored the use of the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique for the detection of fluoroquinolone (FQ)-resistant <i>Campylobacter</i> isolates. A total of 120 <i>Campylobacter</i> isolates were identified depending on both phenotypic and genotypic methods. Of note, cefoxitin and imipenem were the most effective drugs against the investigated <i>Campylobacter</i> isolates. Interestingly, the majority of our isolates (75%) were MDR. Unfortunately, both XDR and PDR isolates were detected in our study with prevalence rates of 20.8% and 4.2%, respectively. All FQ-resistant isolates with ciprofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentrations ≥4 µg/mL were confirmed by the genetic detection of <i>gyrA</i> chromosomal mutation via substitution of threonine at position 86 to isoleucine (Thr-86-to-Ile) using the PCR-RFLP technique. Herein, PCR-RFLP was a more practical and less expensive method used for the detection of FQ resistant isolates. In conclusion, we introduced a fast genetic method for the identification of FQ-resistant isolates to avoid treatment failure through the proper description of antimicrobials.

Item Description

10.3390/antibiotics10111342
2079-6382