Dietary behaviours and related lifestyles according to the presence or absence of skipping breakfast in Japanese adults: the JPHC-NEXT study

• Main Authors: Chika Okada (Author), Hiroyasu Iso (Author), Kazumasa Yamagishi (Author), Ai Ikeda (Author), Mitsumasa Umesawa (Author), Isao Muraki (Author), Nobufumi Yasuda (Author), Tadahiro Kato (Author), Isao Saito (Author), Kazuhiko Arima (Author), Takayuki Nishimura (Author), Kozo Tanno (Author), Kiyomi Sakata (Author), Atsushi Goto (Author), Taiki Yamaji (Author), Motoki Iwasaki (Author), Taichi Shimazu (Author), Manami Inoue (Author), Norie Sawada (Author), Shoichiro Tsugane (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: Cambridge University Press, 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.
• Notes: 10.1017/S1368980023000010; 1368-9800; 1475-2727
• Keywords: Breakfast; Dietary behaviour; Lifestyle; Cross-sectional study; Public aspects of medicine; RA1-1270; Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases; RC620-627
• Source: Public Health Nutrition, Vol 26, Pp 1230-1237 (2023)

Abstract Objective: To assess dietary behaviours and related lifestyles according to the presence or absence of skipping breakfast. Design: We analysed the cross-sectional data from a baseline survey of a large-scale population-based cohort study in Japan conducted in 2011-2016. Participants provided information on dietary behaviours and lifestyles through a self-administered questionnaire. Skipping breakfast was defined as not eating breakfast at least once a week and was classified according to the frequency of skipping breakfast as 1-2, 3-4 or ≥5 times/week. Setting: Sixteen municipalities in seven prefectural areas across Japan under the Japan Public Health Centre-based prospective study for the Next Generation. Participants: 112 785 residents (51 952 males and 60 833 females) aged 40-74 years. Results: After adjustment for age, socio-demographic status, drinking status and smoking status, individuals who skipped breakfast at least once a week, compared with those who ate breakfast every day, were more likely to have adverse dietary behaviours such as frequent eating out (multivariable OR = 2·08, 95 % CI (1·96, 2·21) in males and 2·15, 95 % CI (1·99, 2·33) in females), frequent eating instant foods (1·89, 95 % CI (1·77, 2·01) in males and 1·72, 95 % CI (1·56, 1·89) in females). They had late bedtime (1·85, 95 % CI (1·75, 1·95) in males and 1·98, 95 % CI (1·86, 2·11) in females) and living alone (2·37, 95 % CI (2·17, 2·58) in males and 2·02, 95 % CI (1·83, 2·21) in females), using the logistic regression model. Conclusions: Both adult males and females who skipped breakfast were likely to eat out, to have a dietary habit of eating instant foods and have lifestyles such as late bedtime and living alone than those who ate breakfast.