Music-Making and Depression and Anxiety Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic-Results From the NAKO Cohort Study in Germany

ObjectivesTo investigate the association of musical activity with mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA total of 3,666 participants reported their musical activity before and mental health indicators before and during the pandemic. Depression was assessed with the Patient Health Questi...

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Main Authors: Heiko Becher (Author), Lilian Krist (Author), Juliane Menzel (Author), Isabel Fernholz (Author), Thomas Keil (Author), Gunter Kreutz (Author), Alexander Schmidt (Author), Fabian Streit (Author), Stefan N. Willich (Author), Cornelia Weikert (Author)
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Published: Frontiers Media S.A., 2024-06-01T00:00:00Z.
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LEADER 00000 am a22000003u 4500
001 doaj_0de24df5f1a043b7a2bba4f8a92918f6
042 |a dc 
100 1 0 |a Heiko Becher  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Lilian Krist  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Juliane Menzel  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Juliane Menzel  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Isabel Fernholz  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Thomas Keil  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Thomas Keil  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Thomas Keil  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Gunter Kreutz  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Alexander Schmidt  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Fabian Streit  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Stefan N. Willich  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Cornelia Weikert  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Cornelia Weikert  |e author 
245 0 0 |a Music-Making and Depression and Anxiety Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic-Results From the NAKO Cohort Study in Germany 
260 |b Frontiers Media S.A.,   |c 2024-06-01T00:00:00Z. 
500 |a 1661-8564 
500 |a 10.3389/ijph.2024.1606993 
520 |a ObjectivesTo investigate the association of musical activity with mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA total of 3,666 participants reported their musical activity before and mental health indicators before and during the pandemic. Depression was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire, anxiety with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale. The association between mental health scores and musical activities was investigated using linear regression.ResultsWithin the last 12 months, 22.1% of the participants reported musical activity (15.1% singing, 14.5% playing an instrument). Individuals with frequent singing as their main musical activity had higher scores before the pandemic than non-musicians and the worsening during the pandemic was more pronounced compared to non-musicians. Instrumentalists tended to have slightly lower scores than non-musicians indicating a possible beneficial effect of playing an instrument on mental health.ConclusionThe pandemic led to a worsening of mental health, with singers being particularly affected. Singers showed poorer mental health before the pandemic. The tendency for instrumentalists to report lower depression scores compared to non-musicians may support the hypothesis that music-making has a beneficial effect on health. 
546 |a EN 
690 |a music making 
690 |a mental health 
690 |a epidemiologic study 
690 |a COVID-19 
690 |a cohort 
690 |a Public aspects of medicine 
690 |a RA1-1270 
655 7 |a article  |2 local 
786 0 |n International Journal of Public Health, Vol 69 (2024) 
787 0 |n https://www.ssph-journal.org/articles/10.3389/ijph.2024.1606993/full 
787 0 |n https://doaj.org/toc/1661-8564 
856 4 1 |u https://doaj.org/article/0de24df5f1a043b7a2bba4f8a92918f6  |z Connect to this object online.