Biomolecules to Biomarkers? U87MG Marker Evaluation on the Path towards Glioblastoma Multiforme Pathogenesis
The heterogeneity of the glioma subtype glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) challenges effective neuropathological treatment. The reliance on in vitro studies and xenografted animal models to simulate human GBM has proven ineffective. Currently, a dearth of knowledge exists regarding the applicability of...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Book |
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MDPI AG,
2024-01-01T00:00:00Z.
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| Online Access: | Connect to this object online. |
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| Summary: | The heterogeneity of the glioma subtype glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) challenges effective neuropathological treatment. The reliance on in vitro studies and xenografted animal models to simulate human GBM has proven ineffective. Currently, a dearth of knowledge exists regarding the applicability of cell line biomolecules to the realm of GBM pathogenesis. Our study's objectives were to address this preclinical issue and assess prominin-1, ICAM-1, <i>PARTICLE</i> and <i>GAS5</i> as potential GBM diagnostic targets. The methodologies included haemoxylin and eosin staining, immunofluorescence, in situ hybridization and quantitative PCR. The findings identified that morphology correlates with malignancy in GBM patient pathology. Immunofluorescence confocal microscopy revealed prominin-1 in pseudo-palisades adjacent to necrotic foci in both animal and human GBM. Evidence is presented for an ICAM-1 association with degenerating vasculature. Significantly elevated nuclear <i>PARTICLE</i> expression from in situ hybridization and quantitative PCR reflected its role as a tumor activator. <i>GAS5</i> identified within necrotic GBM validated this potential prognostic biomolecule with extended survival. Here we present evidence for the stem cell marker prominin-1 and the chemotherapeutic target ICAM-1 in a glioma animal model and GBM pathology sections from patients that elicited alternative responses to adjuvant chemotherapy. This foremost study introduces the long non-coding RNA <i>PARTICLE</i> into the context of human GBM pathogenesis while substantiating the role of <i>GAS5</i> as a tumor suppressor. The validation of GBM biomarkers from cellular models contributes to the advancement towards superior detection, therapeutic responders and the ultimate attainment of promising prognoses for this currently incurable brain cancer. |
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| Item Description: | 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010123 1999-4923 |