Bactericidal and cytotoxic effects of Erythrina fusca leaves aquadest extract

• Main Authors: Janti Sudiono (Author), Ferry Sandra (Author), Nadya Saputri Halim (Author), Timotius Andi Kadrianto (Author), Melinia Melinia (Author)
• Format: Knjiga
• Izdano: Universitas Airlangga, 2013-03-01T00:00:00Z.
• Teme: article
• Online dostop: Connect to this object online.
• Notes: 1978-3728; 2442-9740; 10.20473/j.djmkg.v46.i1.p9-13
• Keywords: EFLAE; bactericidal; citotoxicity; EFLAE; bakterisid; sitotoksisitas; Dentistry; RK1-715
• Source: Dental Journal, Vol 46, Iss 1, Pp 9-13 (2013)

<p><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Background: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Empirically, Erythrina fusca has been used as traditional herb for its antibacterial and antiinflammation properties. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Periodontal disease is one of the most oral infectious diseases with microorganism predominated as the contributing factors. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is one of the main bacteria pathogen found in periodontal diseases. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Purpose: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>The purpose </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>of this study was to examine the bactericidal effect of Erythrina fusca Leaves Aquadest Extract (EFLAE) at various concentrations on </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>P. gingivalis and cytotoxic effect on fibroblast. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Methods: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Pure P. gingivalis was cultured in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) medium for 24 </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>hours with or without various concentrations of treatment of EFLAE. Calculation and statistical analysis of remaining bacteria were </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>performed by inhibitory zone method to evaluate the EFLAE bactericidal effect and compared to chlorhexidine as positive control. To </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>evaluate the cytotoxic effect, NIH 3T3 cells were cultured in Dulbecco's Modification of Eagle's Medium (DMEM) containing of 10% </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin, pH 7.2, in 5% CO</em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 7pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>2</em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>, and stored in humidified incubator under temperature </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>37</em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 7pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>0 </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>C. Cells were treated with/without various concentrations of EFLAE for 48 hours. The viable cells were then counted using 3-(4,5- </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazodium bromide (MTT) method. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Results: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>EFLAE have bactericidal effect on P. gingivalis in a </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>concentration dependent manner starting from 78%. The concentration of 90% EFLAE had stronger bactericidal effect (35.004 ± 1.546) </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>than those of chlorhexidine as positive control (32.313 ± 1.619). One-way ANOVA showed significant bactericidal effect differences </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>among concentrations of EFLAE and chlorhexidine (p<0.05) while Tuckey HSD test showed significant difference only between lower </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>concentration of EFLAE (78%, 79%) and chlorhexidine. With the highest concentration of EFLAE (100%) applied in the bactericidal </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>test, no cytotoxic effect of EFLAE on NIH 3T3 cells was detected. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Conclusion: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>EFLAE could inhibit the growth of P. gingivalis in a </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>concentration dependent manner, starting from 78%. There was no evidence of EFLAE's cytotoxic effect on fibroblast.</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 7pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 7pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span

style="font-family: T

ribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Latar belakang: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Erythrina fusca telah digunakan secara empiris sebagai tanaman obat tradisional untuk khasiat antibakteri </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>dan antiradang. Penyakit periodontal merupakan salah satu penyakit infeksi mulut terbanyak dengan mikroorganisme sebagai faktor </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>kontributor utama. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) merupakan salah satu bakteri patogen utama yang ditemukan pada </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>penyakit periodontal. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Tujuan: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengamati efek bakterisid terhadap P. gingivalis dan efek sitotoksik terhadap </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>sel fibroblast dari beberapa konsentrasi ekstrak akuades daun Erythrina fusca (EFLAE). </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Metode: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>P. gingivalis murni dikultur pada </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>medium Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) selama 24 jam dengan atau tanpa pemberian beberapa konsentrasi EFLAE. Perhitungan dan </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>analisis statistik terhadap bakteri yang masih hidup dilakukan dengan metode zona hambat untuk mengevaluasi efek bakterisid EFLAE </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>dibandingkan dengan chlorhexidine sebagai kontrol positif. Untuk mengevaluasi efek sitotoksik, digunakan kultur sel NIH 3T3 pada </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>medium Dulbecco's Modification of Eagle's Medium (DMEM) yang berisi fetal bovine serum (FBS) 10% dan penicillin-streptomycin </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>1%, pH 7.2, dalam CO</em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 7pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>2 </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>5%, dan diinkubasi pada suhu 37° C. Sel diberi perlakuan dengan atau tanpa beberapa konsentrasi EFLAE </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>selama 48 jam, kemudian sel yang masih hidup dihitung menggunakan metode 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazodium </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>bromide (MTT). </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Hasil: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>EFLAE mempunyai efek bakterisid terhadap P. gingivalis mengikuti kenaikan konsentrasinya dimulai dari 78%. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Pada konsentrasi 90%, EFLAE menunjukkan efek bakterisid lebih kuat (35.004 ± 1.546) dibandingkan dengan chlorhexidine (32.313 ±</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>1.619) sebagai kontrol positif ANOVA-1 jalan menunjukkan perbedaan efek bakterisid yang bermakna di antara beberapa konsentrasi </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>EFLAE dan chlorhexidine (p<0.05) sedangkan uji Tuckey HSD menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna hanya ditemukan antara konsentrasi </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>EFLAE yang lebih rendah (78%, 79%) dengan chlorhexidine. Efek sitotoksik terhadap sel NIH 3T3 tidak terdeteksi pada pemberian </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>konsentrasi tertinggi EFLAE (100%) yang telah diaplikasikan pada uji bakterisid. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Kesimpulan: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>EFLAE dapat menghambat pertumbuhan </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>P. gingivalis sesuai dengan konsentrasinya dimulai dari 78%. Tidak ada efek sitotoksik EFLAE terhadap sel fibroblast.</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>