Ultra-High-Resolution Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Electrospray Ionization Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Analysis of <i>Tessaria absinthioides</i> (Hook. & Arn.) DC. (Asteraceae) and Antioxidant and Hypocholesterolemic Properties

• Egile Nagusiak: Mariana Rey (Egilea), María Sol Kruse (Egilea), Jessica Gómez (Egilea), Mario J. Simirgiotis (Egilea), Alejandro Tapia (Egilea), Héctor Coirini (Egilea)
• Formatua: Liburua
• Argitaratua: MDPI AG, 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z.
• Gaiak: article
• Sarrera elektronikoa: Connect to this object online.
• Notes: 10.3390/antiox13010050; 2076-3921
• Keywords: UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS phenolic compound analysis; antioxidant; di-caffeoylquinic acid; natural compounds; cholesterol; Therapeutics. Pharmacology; RM1-950
• Source: Antioxidants, Vol 13, Iss 1, p 50 (2023)

Recently, we reported the chemical profile and the hypocholesterolemic effects of a decoction of <i>Tessaria absinthioides</i> (Hook. & Arn.) DC. (Asteraceae). In this study, we evaluated a methanolic extract (METa) instead. Metabolite profiling was conducted using ultra-high-resolution liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS), identifying thirty compounds, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, fatty acids, and phorbolesters. Antioxidant properties were assessed through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Trolox equivalent antioxidant activity (TEAC), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and inhibition of lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes (ILP) assays, exhibiting robust antioxidant activity. The in vivo impact of METa on serum lipid parameters and liver X receptors (LXRs) was evaluated in a hypercholesterolemic animal model. After 14 days on a high-fat diet, male rats received either a vehicle (V) or METa₁₀₀, METa₂₀₀ or METa₅₀₀ (100; 200 and 500 mg METa/kg animal, respectively) for an additional two weeks. METa₅₀₀ reduced total cholesterol levels (17.62%; <i>p</i> < 0.05) and all doses increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (METa₁₀₀: 86.27%; METa₂₀₀: 48.37%, and METa₅₀₀: 29.42%; <i>p</i> < 0.0001). However, METa did not alter LXRs expression. The observed antioxidant and hypocholesterolemic properties of METa may be linked to the presence of six di-caffeoylquinic acids. These findings underscore <i>T. absinthioides</i> as a potential candidate for the treatment of metabolic disease.