Effect of nanoporous TiO₂coating and anodized Ca²⁺modification of titanium surfaces on early microbial biofilm formation

• Main Authors: Wennerberg Ann (Author), Linderbäck Paula (Author), Fröjd Victoria (Author), Chávez de Paz Luis (Author), Svensäter Gunnel (Author), Davies Julia R (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: BMC, 2011-03-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Summary

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The soft tissue around dental implants forms a barrier between the oral environment and the peri-implant bone and a crucial factor for long-term success of therapy is development of a good abutment/soft-tissue seal. Sol-gel derived nanoporous TiO₂coatings have been shown to enhance soft-tissue attachment but their effect on adhesion and biofilm formation by oral bacteria is unknown.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We have investigated how the properties of surfaces that may be used on abutments: turned titanium, sol-gel nanoporous TiO₂coated surfaces and anodized Ca²⁺modified surfaces, affect biofilm formation by two early colonizers of the oral cavity: <it>Streptococcus sanguinis </it>and <it>Actinomyces naeslundii</it>. The bacteria were detected using 16S rRNA fluorescence <it>in situ </it>hybridization together with confocal laser scanning microscopy.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Interferometry and atomic force microscopy revealed all the surfaces to be smooth (S_a≤ 0.22 μm). Incubation with a consortium of <it>S. sanguinis </it>and <it>A. naeslundii </it>showed no differences in adhesion between the surfaces over 2 hours. After 14 hours, the level of biofilm growth was low and again, no differences between the surfaces were seen. The presence of saliva increased the biofilm biovolume of <it>S. sanguinis </it>and <it>A. naeslundii </it>ten-fold compared to when saliva was absent and this was due to increased adhesion rather than biofilm growth.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Nano-topographical modification of smooth titanium surfaces had no effect on adhesion or early biofilm formation by <it>S. sanguinis </it>and <it>A. naeslundii </it>as compared to turned surfaces or those treated with anodic oxidation in the presence of Ca²⁺. The presence of saliva led to a significantly greater biofilm biovolume but no significant differences were seen between the test surfaces. These data thus suggest that modification with sol-gel derived nanoporous TiO_2,which has been shown to improve osseointegration and soft-tissue healing <it>in vivo</it>, does not cause greater biofilm formation by the two oral commensal species tested than the other surfaces.</p>

Item Description

10.1186/1472-6831-11-8
1472-6831