Neurexin and Neuroligins Maintain the Balance of Ghost and Satellite Boutons at the Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction

Neurexins and neuroligins are common synaptic adhesion molecules that are associated with autism and interact with each other in the synaptic cleft. The Drosophila neuromuscular junction (NMJ) bouton is a well-known model system in neuroscience, and ghost and satellite boutons, respectively, indicat...

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Main Authors: Gan Guangming (Author), Geng Junhua (Author), Zhang Chenchen (Author), Mou Yang (Author), Xie Wei (Author)
Format: Book
Published: Frontiers Media S.A., 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z.
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100 1 0 |a Gan Guangming  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Gan Guangming  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Geng Junhua  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Zhang Chenchen  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Zhang Chenchen  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Mou Yang  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Xie Wei  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Xie Wei  |e author 
245 0 0 |a Neurexin and Neuroligins Maintain the Balance of Ghost and Satellite Boutons at the Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction 
260 |b Frontiers Media S.A.,   |c 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z. 
500 |a 1662-5129 
500 |a 10.3389/fnana.2020.00019 
520 |a Neurexins and neuroligins are common synaptic adhesion molecules that are associated with autism and interact with each other in the synaptic cleft. The Drosophila neuromuscular junction (NMJ) bouton is a well-known model system in neuroscience, and ghost and satellite boutons, respectively, indicate the poor development and overgrowth of the NMJ boutons. However, the Drosophila neurexin (DNrx) and Drosophila neuroligins (DNlgs) are mainly observed in type Ib boutons, indicating the ultrastructural and developmental phenotypes of the Drosophila NMJ. Here, we identified the ultrastructural and developmental features of ghost and satellite boutons by utilizing dneurexin (dnrx) and dneuroligins (dnlgs) fly mutants and other associated fly strains. Ghost boutons contain synaptic vesicles with multiple diameters but very rarely contain T-bar structures and swollen or thin subsynaptic reticulum (SSR) membranes. The muscle cell membrane is invaginated at different sites, stretches to the ghost bouton from different directions, forms several layers that enwrap the ghost bouton, and then branches into the complex SSR. Satellite boutons share a common SSR membrane and present either a typical profile in which a main bouton is encircled by small boutons or two atypical profiles in which the small boutons are grouped together or distributed in beads without a main bouton. Electron and confocal microscopy data showed that dnrx, dnlg1, dnlg2, dnlg3, and dnlg4 mutations led to ghost boutons; the overexpression of dnrx, dnlg1, dnlg2, dnlg3, and dnlg4 led to satellite boutons; and the dnlg2;dnlg3 double mutation also led to satellite boutons. These results suggested that DNrx and DNlgs jointly maintain the development and function of NMJ boutons by regulating the balance of ghost and satellite boutons in Drosophila. 
546 |a EN 
690 |a neurexin 
690 |a neuroligins 
690 |a Drosophila 
690 |a neuromuscular junction 
690 |a ghost bouton 
690 |a satellite boutons 
690 |a Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry 
690 |a RC321-571 
690 |a Human anatomy 
690 |a QM1-695 
655 7 |a article  |2 local 
786 0 |n Frontiers in Neuroanatomy, Vol 14 (2020) 
787 0 |n https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnana.2020.00019/full 
787 0 |n https://doaj.org/toc/1662-5129 
856 4 1 |u https://doaj.org/article/2ee8ab7c8f3a473e88b1e2361210a9f6  |z Connect to this object online.