Comportamientos de riesgo de ITS/SIDA en adolescentes trabajadores de hoteles de Puerto Vallarta y su asociación con el ambiente laboral STI/AIDS-related practices and occupational risk factors in adolescent hotel workers in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico - Bettylu Rasmussen-Cruz; Alfredo Hidalgo-San Martín; Noé Alfaro-Alfaro (Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, 2003)
OBJETIVO: Explorar comportamientos de riesgo de ITS/ SIDA de adolescentes trabajadores de hoteles de Puerto Vallarta, México, y su asociación con el ambiente laboral. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal, comparativo, en una población de 288 adolescentes trabajadores durante 1998 en 38 hoteles de Puerto Vallarta. Variables: condición laboral, situación ambiental, comportamiento de riesgo de ITS/SIDA, características sociodemográficas. Estadísticas descriptivas, asociativas y predictivas: t test, RM y regresión logística. RESULTADOS: Edad promedio 17.7 años; 71.5% hombres; activos sexualmente 53%; con uno o más comportamientos de riesgo de ITS/SIDA, (93.6%): nunca o raramente usa condón (77.3.1%); beber antes de relaciones sexuales (41%); promiscuidad (29.9%), y relaciones anales (9.2%). Factores asociados: percibir el ambiente estimulante para relaciones sexuales (RM 2.36); beber antes de coito: compañeros (RM 2.52) y huéspedes (RM 2.60); norma de poder invitar huéspedes al cuarto (RM 4.46); Variables confusoras: género masculino (RM 3.14), casados o en unión libre (RM 21.19) y 18-19 años (RM 3.11). CONCLUSIONES: Hay alta frecuencia de comportamiento de riesgo de ITS/SIDA, asociados con algunos factores ambientales. OBJECTIVE: To assess STI/AIDS risk behaviors and occupational risk factors among adolescent hotel workers in Puerto Vallarta. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Comparative cross-sectional study conducted in 1998, among 288 workers adolescents of 38 hotels in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico. Variables were collected on working conditions, environmental conditions, STI/AIDS risk behaviors, and sociodemographic characteristics. Statistical analysis consisted of descriptive and multivariate techniques: t test, OR, and logistic regression. RESULTS: Study subjects had a mean age of 17.7 years; 71.5% were males. Fifty-three percent had active sexual relations; 93.6% of them had one or more STI/AIDS risk behaviors. Inadequate condom use was found in 77.3%, and 41% drank alcoholic beverages before intercourse. Promiscuity was reported by 29.9%, and anal relations by 9.2%. Associated factors were: perception of a sexually-arousing environment (OR 2.36), alcohol drinking by peers (OR 2.52) and guests (OR 2.60) before sexual intercourse, hotel rules allowing tourist guests in hotel rooms (OR 4.46). Confouding variables were: male gender (OR 3.14), being married or in common law (OR 21.19), and being 18-19 years of age (OR 3.11). CONCLUSIONS: The high frequency of STI/AIDS risk behaviors among adolescent hotel workers is associated to specific environmental factors.