Feasibility of high-throughput drug sensitivity screening (HDS)-guided treatment for children with refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia

• Main Authors: Wenxiu Lv (Author), Tianping Chen (Author), Shen Wang (Author), Chun Li (Author), Bo Zhang (Author), Liang Wang (Author), Fang Xv (Author), Fang Cao (Author), Jing Wang (Author), Li Chen (Author), Chenglin Liao (Author), Na Li (Author), Hongjun Liu (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A., 2023-02-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Summary

Relapsed/refractory (rel/ref) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a very high mortality rate. At present, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the most effective treatment for rel/ref AML. The remission of the primary disease before HSCT is crucial for the transplantation to be effective. Therefore, it is critical to choose a suitable type of chemotherapy before HSCT. Here, we recorded the outcomes of high-throughput drug sensitivity screening (HDS) in children with rel/ref AML. Thirty-seven pediatric rel/ref AML patients who received HDS from September 2017 until July 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Most of the patients (24 patients, 64.9%) had adverse cytogenetics. Two patients had rel/ref AML with central nervous system leukemia. The complete remission (CR) rate was 67.6%. Eight patients developed IV grade bone marrow suppression. Twenty-three patients (62.2%) underwent HSCT. The 3-year overall survival (OS) and EFS rates were 45.9% and 43.2%, respectively. Infection in the myelosuppression stage was the main cause of death. The outcome of HDS was superior to the commonly reported rates. These results suggest that HDS may be a novel treatment option for pediatric patients with rel/ref AML, and it is a promising transitional regimen prior to HSCT.

Item Description

2296-2360
10.3389/fped.2023.1117988