Dimethylsphingosine Regulates Intracellular pH and Ca2+ Human Monocytes
Abstract.: Dimethylsphingosine (DMS) was first reported as an inhibitor of protein kinase C and later has been used as a specific inhibitor of sphingosine kinase. Furthermore, its anti-cancer effect has become a basis for development of chemotherapy. Nevertheless, its anti-neoplastic mechanism has p...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Book |
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Elsevier,
2006-01-01T00:00:00Z.
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| Summary: | Abstract.: Dimethylsphingosine (DMS) was first reported as an inhibitor of protein kinase C and later has been used as a specific inhibitor of sphingosine kinase. Furthermore, its anti-cancer effect has become a basis for development of chemotherapy. Nevertheless, its anti-neoplastic mechanism has poorly been understood. In the present study, we observed that DMS increased intracellular pH and Ca2+ concentration in U937 human monocytes. To further characterize these DMS-induced actions, we employed structurally-related sphingolipids and specific pharmacological tools such as inhibitors of protein kinase C and Na+/H+ exchanger and found that the two responses of DMS were mimicked by four stereoisomers of sphingosine and two isomers to dihydrosphingosine, but not with sphingosine 1-phosphate, sphingosyl-phosphorylcholine, and C2-ceramide. Furthermore, DMS-induced pH increase was independent of Na+/H+ exchanger activity. We also characterized the interrelationship between DMS-induced pH increase and DMS-induced Ca2+ increase. Since DMS is considered to be a good anti-cancer candidate, our characterization of DMS actions provides useful information for development of DMS chemotherapy. Keywords:: dimethylsphingosine, pH, sphingosine, calcium, signal transduction |
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| Item Description: | 1347-8613 10.1254/jphs.FPJ05009X |