Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibilities of bacteria isolated from blood cultures of hospitalized patients in the United States in 2002
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Bloodstream infections are associated with significant patient morbidity and mortality. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns should guide the choice of empiric antimicrobial regimens for patients with bacteremia.</p> <p>...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Book |
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BMC,
2004-05-01T00:00:00Z.
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| Summary: | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Bloodstream infections are associated with significant patient morbidity and mortality. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns should guide the choice of empiric antimicrobial regimens for patients with bacteremia.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>From January to December of 2002, 82,569 bacterial blood culture isolates were reported to The Surveillance Network (TSN) Database-USA by 268 laboratories. Susceptibility to relevant antibiotic compounds was analyzed using National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards guidelines.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Coagulase-negative staphylococci (42.0%), <it>Staphylococcus aureus </it>(16.5%), <it>Enterococcus faecalis </it>(8.3%), <it>Escherichia coli </it>(7.2%), <it>Klebsiella pneumoniae </it>(3.6%), and <it>Enterococcus faecium </it>(3.5%) were the most frequently isolated bacteria from blood cultures, collectively accounting for >80% of isolates. In vitro susceptibility to expanded-spectrum β-lactams such as ceftriaxone were high for oxacillin-susceptible coagulase-negative staphylococci (98.7%), oxacillin-susceptible <it>S. aureus </it>(99.8%), <it>E. coli </it>(97.3%), <it>K. pneumoniae </it>(93.3%), and <it>Streptococcus pneumoniae </it>(97.2%). Susceptibilities to fluoroquinolones were variable for <it>K. pneumoniae </it>(90.3-91.4%), <it>E. coli </it>(86.0-86.7%), oxacillin-susceptible <it>S. aureus </it>(84.0-89.4%), oxacillin-susceptible coagulase-negative staphylococci (72.7-82.7%), <it>E. faecalis </it>(52.1%), and <it>E. faecium </it>(11.3%). Combinations of antimicrobials are often prescribed as empiric therapy for bacteremia. Susceptibilities of all blood culture isolates to one or both agents in combinations of ceftriaxone, ceftazdime, cefepime, piperacillin-tazobactam or ciprofloxacin plus gentamicin were consistent (range, 74.8-76.3%) but lower than similar β-lactam or ciprofloxacin combinations with vancomycin (range, 93.5-96.6%).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Ongoing surveillance for antimicrobial susceptibility remains essential, and will enhance efforts to identify resistance and attempt to limit its spread.</p> |
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| Item Description: | 10.1186/1476-0711-3-7 1476-0711 |