The effect of conventional versus electronic cigarette use on treatment outcomes of peri-implant disease
Abstract Aim To compare changes in clinical periodontal parameters (gingival consistency, colour, BOP, PI, PD) and changes of salivary inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1 β, IL-6, MMP-8, TNF- α and TIMP-1 between conventional, electronic cigarette smokers and non-smokers after peri-implant treatment. Meth...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Book |
| Published: |
BMC,
2021-09-01T00:00:00Z.
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Connect to this object online. |
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