The effect of conventional versus electronic cigarette use on treatment outcomes of peri-implant disease

• Main Authors: Reham AlJasser (Author), Mohammed Zahid (Author), Mohammed AlSarhan (Author), Dalal AlOtaibi (Author), Saleh AlOraini (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: BMC, 2021-09-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Abstract Aim To compare changes in clinical periodontal parameters (gingival consistency, colour, BOP, PI, PD) and changes of salivary inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1 β, IL-6, MMP-8, TNF- α and TIMP-1 between conventional, electronic cigarette smokers and non-smokers after peri-implant treatment. Meth...