A systematic review of biocompatibility and safety of orthodontic clear aligners and transparent vacuum-formed thermoplastic retainers: Bisphenol-A release, adverse effects, cytotoxicity, and estrogenic effects
Background: An ever-increasing demand is seen for clear aligners and transparent vacuum-formed retainers. They are esthetic and convenient. However, the biomaterials used in these appliances might pose biological safety and biocompatibility threats in terms of their bisphenol-A (BPA) release, cytoto...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Book |
| Published: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications,
2023-01-01T00:00:00Z.
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Connect to this object online. |
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