<i>Saussurea lappa</i> Ethanolic Extract Attenuates Triamcinolone Acetonide-Induced Pulmonary and Splenic Tissue Damage in Rats via Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis
<i>Background:</i> In this era, worldwide interest has been directed towards using natural antioxidants to guard against drug side effects. <i>Saussurea lappa</i> is a famous medicinal plant with many biologically active compounds. Triamcinolone acetonide (TA) is an extensive...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Book |
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MDPI AG,
2020-05-01T00:00:00Z.
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| Summary: | <i>Background:</i> In this era, worldwide interest has been directed towards using natural antioxidants to guard against drug side effects. <i>Saussurea lappa</i> is a famous medicinal plant with many biologically active compounds. Triamcinolone acetonide (TA) is an extensively used glucocorticoid. Hence, this study explored, for the first time, the possible beneficial effects of <i>S. lappa</i> ethanolic extract on TA-induced oxidative damage in the lung and spleen of rats. <i>Methods</i>: Five experimental groups were used: control group, <i>S. lappa</i>-treated group (600 mg/kg/day, orally), TA-treated group (40 mg/kg/twice/week I/P), <i>S. lappa</i> + TA co-treated group, and <i>S. lappa</i>/TA prophylactic group. <i>Results:</i> TA exposure significantly induced leukocytosis and neutrophilia. In addition, TA significantly reduced the levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-12, tumor necrosis factor α, and immunoglobulins. Lung Caspase-3 overexpression and splenic CD8<sup>+</sup> downregulation were also noted in the TA group. TA treatment significantly increased malondialdehyde concentration but reduced superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities. <i>S. lappa</i> counteracted the TA oxidative and apoptotic effects. The best results were recorded in the prophylactic group. <i>Conclusions:</i> <i>S. lappa</i> has a remarkable protective effect via its anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant capacity. Thus, it could be a candidate as a natural antioxidant to face glucocorticoid's harmful side effects. |
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| Item Description: | 10.3390/antiox9050396 2076-3921 |