The Effect of Digital Mindfulness Interventions on Depressive, Anxiety, and Stress Symptoms in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
<i>Introduction</i>. Pregnancy is a unique time in a woman's life that can be both exciting and challenging. It is also a period that can be associated with significant stress, anxiety, and depression, which can have negative consequences for both the mother and the baby. Mindfulnes...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Book |
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MDPI AG,
2023-09-01T00:00:00Z.
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| Summary: | <i>Introduction</i>. Pregnancy is a unique time in a woman's life that can be both exciting and challenging. It is also a period that can be associated with significant stress, anxiety, and depression, which can have negative consequences for both the mother and the baby. Mindfulness interventions are known to be a well-suited treatment and prevention method for psychiatric symptoms in pregnancy, and web-based applications have been explored. We here present an up-to-date systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials to investigate the effect of digital-based mindfulness interventions on depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms during pregnancy. <i>Methods</i>. The systematic literature search and data extraction was performed by two independent raters. It resulted in 13 eligible studies overall comprising 1373 participants. We conducted random-effects meta-analyses for depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms after completion of a digital mindfulness intervention (compared to a control group). <i>Results</i>. Digital mindfulness intervention methods were significantly able to reduce depression (g = −0.47, 95% CI [−0.9; −0.09]) and anxiety symptoms (g = −0.41, 95% CI [−0.77; −0.05]), but not stress symptoms. These effects were moderated by the attrition rate (β<sub>Depression</sub> = 0.025, <i>p</i><sub>Depression</sub> < 0.01; β<sub>Anxiety</sub> = 0.022, <i>p</i><sub>Anxiety</sub> < 0.01; β<sub>Stress</sub> = 0.022, <i>p</i><sub>Stress</sub> < 0.01). Primiparity also had a significant influence on the intervention effect regarding depression symptoms (β = 0.033, <i>p</i> = 0.024). <i>Conclusions</i>. Digital mindfulness interventions are a promising method to reduce mental health symptoms in pregnant women. We identified certain parameters moderating this effect, for example, primiparity and the attrition rate. |
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| Item Description: | 10.3390/ejihpe13090122 2254-9625 2174-8144 |