Antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of the ethanol extract of the stem bark of <it>Clausena heptaphylla</it>
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>There is wide spread interest in drugs derived from plants as green medicine is believed to be safe and dependable, compared with costly synthetic drugs that have adverse effects.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We have...
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BMC,
2012-11-01T00:00:00Z.
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| Summary: | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>There is wide spread interest in drugs derived from plants as green medicine is believed to be safe and dependable, compared with costly synthetic drugs that have adverse effects.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We have attempted to evaluate the antioxidant, <it>In vitro</it> thrombolytic, antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic effects of <it>Clausena heptaphylla</it> (Rutaceae) stem bark extract ethanol extract.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Ethanolic stem bark extract of <it>Clausena heptaphylla</it> (CHET) contains flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins and steroids but it lacks tannins, anthraquinones and resins. Phenol content of the extract was 13.42 mg/g and flavonoid content was 68.9 mg/g. CHET exhibited significant DPPH free radical scavenging activity with IC<sub>50</sub> value of 3.11 μg/ml. Reducing power of CHET was also moderately stronger. In the cytotoxicity assay, LC<sub>50</sub> and Chi-square value of the ethanolic extract against brine shrimp nauplii were 144.1461 μg/ml and 0.8533 demonstrating potent cytotoxic effect of the extract. <it>In vitro</it> thrombolytic activity of CHET is significant with 45.38% clot lysis capability compared to that of Streptokinase (65.78%). In antibacterial screening, moderate zone of inhibition (6.5-9.0 mm in diameter) was observed against gram-positive <it>Bacillus subtilis</it> ATCC 11774<it>, Bacillus cereus</it> ATCC 10876<it>, Staphylococcus aureus</it> ATCC 25923<it>, Bacillus polymyxa</it> ATCC 842 <it>and Bacillus megaterium</it> ATCC 13578 and less promising zone of inhibition (3.0-4.5 mm in diameter) against gram-negative <it>Salmonella typhi</it> ATCC 65154<it>, Shigella flexneri</it> ATCC 12022<it>, Proteus vulgaris</it> ATCC 13315 <it>and Escherichia coli</it> ATCC 25922<it>. Shigella sonnei</it> ATCC 8992 did not show any sensitivity<it>.</it> The MIC values against these bacteria were ranged from 2,000 to 3,500 μg/ml. The extract showed significant zone of inhibition against <it>Rhizopus oryzae</it> DSM 2200<it>, Aspergillus niger</it> DSM 737 <it>and Aspergillus ochraceus</it> DSM 824 in antifungal assay<it>.</it></p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Further advanced research is necessary to isolate and characterize the chemical components responsible for the therapeutic properties of the plant.</p> |
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| Item Description: | 10.1186/1472-6882-12-232 1472-6882 |