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Insertion torque, flexural strength and surface alterations of stainless steel and titanium alloy orthodontic mini-implants: an in vitro study

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to compare the insertion torque (IT), flexural strength (FS) and surface alterations between stainless steel (SS-MIs) and titanium alloy (Ti-MIs) orthodontic mini-implants. Methods: Twenty-four MIs (2 x 10 mm; SS-MIs, n = 12; Ti-MIs, n = 12) were inserted on arti...

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Main Authors: Gustavo Lopes PULS (Author), Guido Artemio MARAÑÓN-VÁSQUEZ (Author), Christian Andrew Vargas RAMOS (Author), Caio Luiz Bitencourt REIS (Author), Andréa Cândido dos REIS (Author), Maria Bernadete Sasso STUANI (Author), Fábio Lourenço ROMANO (Author), Mírian Aiko Nakane MATSUMOTO (Author)
Format: Book
Published: Dental Press Editora, 2024-05-01T00:00:00Z.
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Summary:ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to compare the insertion torque (IT), flexural strength (FS) and surface alterations between stainless steel (SS-MIs) and titanium alloy (Ti-MIs) orthodontic mini-implants. Methods: Twenty-four MIs (2 x 10 mm; SS-MIs, n = 12; Ti-MIs, n = 12) were inserted on artificial bone blocks of 20 lb/ft3 (20 PCF) and 40 lb/ft3 (40 PCF) density. The maximum IT was recorded using a digital torque meter. FS was evaluated at 2, 3 and 4 mm-deflection. Surface topography and chemical composition of MIs were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). General linear and mixed models were used to assess the effect of the MI type, bone density and deflection on the evaluated outcomes. Results: The IT of Ti-MIs was 1.1 Ncm greater than that obtained for the SS-MIs (p= 0.018). The IT for MIs inserted in 40 PCF test blocks was 5.4 Ncm greater than that for those inserted in 20 PCF test blocks (p < 0.001). SS-MIs inserted in higher density bone (40 PCF) had significantly higher flexural strength than the other groups, at 2 mm (98.7 ± 5.1 Ncm), 3 mm (112.0 ± 3.9 Ncm) and 4 mm (120.0 ± 3.4 Ncm) of deflection (p< 0.001). SEM evidenced fractures in the Ti-MIs. EDS revealed incorporation of 18% of C and 2.06% of O in the loaded SS-MIs, and 3.91% of C in the loaded Ti-MIs. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this in vitro study, it seems that SS-MIs offer sufficient stability and exhibit greater mechanical strength, compared to Ti-MIs when inserted into higher density bone.
Item Description:2177-6709
10.1590/2177-6709.29.2.e2423282.oar

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