Focusing on <i>Gordonia</i> Infections: Distribution, Antimicrobial Susceptibilities and Phylogeny

• Main Authors: Silvia Pino-Rosa (Author), María J. Medina-Pascual (Author), Gema Carrasco (Author), Noelia Garrido (Author), Pilar Villalón (Author), Mónica Valiente (Author), Sylvia Valdezate (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: MDPI AG, 2023-10-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.
• Notes: 10.3390/antibiotics12111568; 2079-6382
• Keywords: <i>Gordonia</i> spp. <i>Gordonia sputi</i>; <i>Gordonia bronchialis</i>; <i>Gordonia terrae</i>; <i>Gordonia otitidis</i>; <i>sec</i>A1; resistance; Therapeutics. Pharmacology; RM1-950
• Source: Antibiotics, Vol 12, Iss 11, p 1568 (2023)

The immunosuppression conditions and the presence of medical devices in patients favor the <i>Gordonia</i> infections. However, the features of this aerobic actinomycete have been little explored. Strains (<i>n</i> = 164) were characterized with 16S rDNA and <i>sec</i>A1 genes to define their phylogenetic relationships, and subjected to broth microdilution to profile the antimicrobial susceptibilities of <i>Gordonia</i> species that caused infections in Spain during the 2005-2021 period. Four out of the eleven identified species were responsible for 86.0% of the infections: <i>Gordonia sputi</i> (53.0%), <i>Gordonia bronchialis</i> (18.3%), <i>Gordonia terrae</i> (8.5%) and <i>Gordonia otitidis</i> (6.1%). Respiratory tract infections (61.6%) and bacteremia (21.9%) were the most common infections. The <i>sec</i>A1 gene resolved the inconclusive identification, and two major clonal lineages were observed for <i>G. sputi</i> and <i>G. bronchialis</i>. Species showed a wide antimicrobial susceptibility profile. Cefoxitin resistance varies depending on the species, reaching 94.2% for <i>G. sputi</i> and 36.0% for <i>G. terrae</i>. What is noteworthy is the minocycline resistance in <i>G. sputi</i> (11.5%), the clarithromycin resistance in <i>G. bronchialis sec</i>A1 lineage II (30.0%) and the amoxicillin-clavulanate and cefepime resistance in <i>G. terrae</i> (21.4% and 42.8%, respectively). <i>G. sputi</i> and <i>G. bronchialis</i> stand out as the prevalent species causing infections in Spain. Resistance against cefoxitin and other antimicrobials should be considered.