Ceftazidime-Avibactam for the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens: A Retrospective, Single Center Study

• Main Authors: Maria Di Pietrantonio (Author), Lucia Brescini (Author), Jennifer Candi (Author), Morroni Gianluca (Author), Francesco Pallotta (Author), Sara Mazzanti (Author), Paolo Mantini (Author), Bianca Candelaresi (Author), Silvia Olivieri (Author), Francesco Ginevri (Author), Giulia Cesaretti (Author), Sefora Castelletti (Author), Emanuele Cocci (Author), Rosaria G. Polo (Author), Elisabetta Cerutti (Author), Oriana Simonetti (Author), Oscar Cirioni (Author), Marcello Tavio (Author), Andrea Giacometti (Author), Francesco Barchiesi (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: MDPI AG, 2022-02-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Summary

Background: Ceftazidime/avibactam is a new cephalosporin/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination approved in 2015 by the FDA for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal and urinary tract infection, hospital-acquired pneumoniae and Gram-negative infections with limited treatment options. Methods: In this retrospective study, we evaluate the efficacy of ceftazidime/avibactam treatment in 81 patients with Gram-negative infection treated in our center from January 2018 to December 2019. The outcome evaluated was 30-days survival or relapse of infection after the first positive blood culture. Results: the majority of patients were 56 male (69%), with median age of 67. Charlson's Comorbidity Index was >3 in 58 patients. In total, 46% of the patients were admitted into the medical unit, 41% in the ICU, and 14% in the surgical ward. Of the patients, 78% had nosocomial infections, and 22% had healthcare-related infections. The clinical failure rate was 35%: 13 patients died within 30 days from the onset of infection. The outcome was influenced by the clinical condition of the patients: solid organ transplantation (<i>p</i> = 0.003) emerged as an independent predictor of mortality; non-survival patients most frequently had pneumonia (<i>p</i> = 0.009) or mechanical ventilation (<i>p</i> = 0.049). Conclusion: Ceftazidime-avibactam showed high efficacy in infections caused by MDR Gram-negative pathogens with limited therapeutic options.

Item Description

10.3390/antibiotics11030321
2079-6382