Improvement of osseointegration of Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy orthodontic mini-screws through anodization, cyclic pre-calcification, and heat treatments
Abstract Background Mini-screws are widely used as temporary anchorages in orthodontic treatment, but have the disadvantage of showing a high failure rate of about 10%. Therefore, orthodontic mini-screws should have high biocompatibility and retention. Previous studies have demonstrated that the ret...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Book |
| Published: |
SpringerOpen,
2022-04-01T00:00:00Z.
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