Optomyelitis associated with the presence of antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein. Case report

• Main Authors: Anastasiia K. Kalashnikova (Author), Nataliia L. Sheremet (Author), Natalia A. Andreeva (Author), Nino V. Zhorzholadze (Author), Irina A. Ronzina (Author), Anna A. Kaloshina (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: ZAO "Consilium Medicum", 2022-02-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.
• Notes: 2075-1753; 2542-2170; 10.26442/20751753.2022.2.201391
• Keywords: myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease; anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies; neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders; multiple sclerosis; optic neuritis; Medicine (General); R5-920; Therapeutics. Pharmacology; RM1-950
• Source: Consilium Medicum, Vol 24, Iss 2, Pp 132-136 (2022)

Antibodies to myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (anti-MOG-IgG) is a specific biomarker that has been detected in peripheral blood from children with acute multiple encephalomyelitis (ADEM) as well as in adults with aquaporin-4 (AQP4), associated with seronegative opticoneuromyelitis spectrum disease (NMOSD), brainstem encephalitis, longitudinally disseminated transverse myelitis, and optic neuritis. Most experts now consider MOG-IgG-associated disorder (MOG-AD) an independent disease immunopathogenetically distinct from classical multiple sclerosis (MS) and aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG-positive optomyelitis. Isolated, bilateral, and less frequently unilateral OH, with simultaneous or sequential involvement of the eyes, is the most frequent clinical manifestation of MOG-AD. Because of the significant overlap in the clinical and radiological picture, MOG-AD is often misdiagnosed as MS. Timely diagnosis is critical to ensure appropriate treatment. This article describes a clinical case of anti-MOG-IgG encephalomyelitis with late-onset ON initially diagnosed as MS.