Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activities of the Extracts from Two <i>Oenanthe</i> Species (<i>O. aquatica</i> and <i>O. silaifolia</i>)

• Main Authors: Łukasz Świątek (Author), Elwira Sieniawska (Author), Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally (Author), Nabeelah Bibi Sadeer (Author), Krzysztof Kamil Wojtanowski (Author), Barbara Rajtar (Author), Małgorzata Polz-Dacewicz (Author), Mehmet Yavuz Paksoy (Author), Gokhan Zengin (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: MDPI AG, 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Summary

This study presents the evaluation of biological activities and chemical profiling of <i>Oenanthe aquatica</i> (L.) Poir. and <i>Oenanthe silaifolia</i> M. Bieb. The phytochemical profile, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, cytotoxic and antiviral activities of the methanolic and aqueous extracts were investigated. The aqueous extract of <i>O. aquatica</i> possessing the highest content of phenolics (60.85 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract), also exhibited the strongest radical scavenging potential against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (79.46 and 148.66 mg Trolox equivalent/g extract, respectively), the highest reducing ability (207.59 and 107.27 mg Trolox equivalent/g extract, for cupric reducing antioxidant capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant activity, respectively), metal chelating potential (33.91 mg ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid equivalent/g extract) and total antioxidant ability (1.60 mmol Trolox equivalent/g extract). Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) permitted tentative identification of compounds from simple organic acids, phenolic acids, coumarins, flavonoids and their glycosides in <i>O. aquatica</i> and <i>O. silaifolia</i> extracts. The methanolic extract of <i>O. aquatica</i> substantially depressed acetylcholinesterase (3.67 mg galantamine equivalent/g extract), tyrosinase (126.66 mg kojic acid equivalent/g extract), and α-amylase (0.83 mmol acarbose equivalent/g extract) enzymes. The methanolic extract of <i>O. silaifolia</i> showed highest enzymatic inhibitory property against butyrylcholinesterase, and its aqueous extract depressed α-glucosidase activity (0.26 mmol acarbose equivalent/g extract). All tested extracts exerted selective toxicity towards cancer cell lines, and the highest anticancer potential was found for <i>O. aquatica</i> aqueous extract on FaDu and HeLa cells with CC₅₀ of 57.36 and 47.16 µg/mL, respectively. Significant antiviral activity against HSV-1 (HHV-1) was found for both aqueous extracts in concentrations of 1000 µg/mL, which inhibited the HSV-1 cytopathic effect (CPE) in virus infected VERO cells and reduced the virus infective titer by more than 3 log (logCCID₅₀/mL). This study has produced critical scientific data on <i>O. aquatica</i> and <i>O. silaifolia,</i> which are potential contenders for the development of novel phyto-pharmaceuticals.

Item Description

10.3390/ph15010050
1424-8247