<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Arginine Induces White Adipose Tissue Browning-A New Pharmaceutical Alternative to Cold
The beneficial effects of <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l-</span>arginine supplementation in obesity and type II diabetes involve white adipose tissue (WAT) reduction and increased substrate oxidation. We aimed to test the potential of <span style="font-varian...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Book |
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MDPI AG,
2022-06-01T00:00:00Z.
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| Summary: | The beneficial effects of <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l-</span>arginine supplementation in obesity and type II diabetes involve white adipose tissue (WAT) reduction and increased substrate oxidation. We aimed to test the potential of <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l-</span>arginine to induce WAT browning. Therefore, the molecular basis of browning was investigated in retroperitoneal WAT (rpWAT) of rats exposed to cold or treated with 2.25% <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l-</span>arginine for 1, 3, and 7 days. Compared to untreated control, levels of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase protein expression and NO signaling increased in both cold-exposed and <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l-</span>arginine-treated groups. These increases coincided with the appearance of multilocular adipocytes and increased expression levels of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), thermogenic and beige adipocyte-specific genes (<i>Cidea</i>, <i>Cd137</i>, and <i>Tmem26</i>), mitochondriogenesis markers (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ coactivator-1α, mitochondrial DNA copy number), nuclear respiratory factor 1, PPARα and their respective downstream lipid oxidation enzymes after <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l-</span>arginine treatment. Such browning phenotype in the <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l-</span>arginine-treated group was concordant with end-course decreases in leptinaemia, rpWAT mass, and body weight. In conclusion, <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l-</span>arginine mimics cold-mediated increases in NO signaling in rpWAT and induces molecular and structural fingerprints of rpWAT browning. The results endorse <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l-</span>arginine as a pharmaceutical alternative to cold exposure, which could be of great interest in obesity and associated metabolic diseases. |
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| Item Description: | 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071368 1999-4923 |