Metabolomics-Based Profiling, Antioxidant Power, and Uropathogenic Bacterial Anti-Adhesion Activity of SP4<sup>TM</sup>, a Formulation with a High Content of Type-A Proanthocyanidins
Flavonoids and proanthocyanidins (PACs) have been the subject of intense scientific investigations, both for their antioxidant properties and anti-adhesion activity against uropathogenic bacteria. We investigated the metabolomics and antioxidant capacity of SP4<sup>TM</sup>, a patent-pen...
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MDPI AG,
2022-06-01T00:00:00Z.
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| Summary: | Flavonoids and proanthocyanidins (PACs) have been the subject of intense scientific investigations, both for their antioxidant properties and anti-adhesion activity against uropathogenic bacteria. We investigated the metabolomics and antioxidant capacity of SP4<sup>TM</sup>, a patent-pending formulation based on a mixture of plant extracts with a high content of bioactive PACs and other polyphenols. The total content of polyphenols (885.51 ± 14.19 mg/g), flavonoids (135.52 ± 8.98 mg/g), anthocyanins (54.84 ± 2.97 mg/g), and PACs (379.43 ± 12.44 mg/g) was quantified using UV-Vis assays. Use of HPLC-ESI-MS/MS revealed the presence of 5 flavanols (100.77 ± 3.90 mg g<sup>−1</sup> d.wt), 11 flavonols (59.96 ± 1.83 mg g<sup>−1</sup> d.wt), and 8 anthocyanins (46.96 ± 1.59 mg g<sup>−1</sup> d.wt), whereas MALDI-TOF MS showed that SP4<sup>TM</sup> contains PACs with one or more type-A interflavan bonds at each degree of polymerization. Regarding antioxidant properties, LUCS technology on HepG2 cells evidenced the ability of SP4<sup>TM</sup> to neutralize intracellular free radicals, inhibit membrane lipid peroxidation, quench H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, and reduce free radicals mainly through chelating mechanism, as demonstrated by a higher FRAP value (2643.28 ± 39.86 mmol/g) compared with ABTS (139.92 ± 6.16 mmol/g) and DPPH (89.51 ± 3.91 mmol/g). Finally, the SP4<sup>TM</sup> type-A PAC content strongly prevented bacterial adhesion of P-fimbriated uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (0.23 mg/mL). In conclusion, SP4<sup>TM</sup> has a strong antioxidant capacity involving multitarget mechanisms and is a potential supplement to fight urinary tract infections due to its ability to inhibit uropathogenic <i>E. coli</i> adhesion. |
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| Item Description: | 10.3390/antiox11071234 2076-3921 |