Functional health literacy: protective role in adherence to treatment for hypertensive patients

• Main Authors: Luciana Ricarte Cavalcante (Author), Luciara Leite Brito (Author), Helena Fraga-Maia (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: Universidade de Fortaleza, 2020-08-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.
• Notes: 10.5020/18061230.2020.10503; 1806-1230
• Keywords: health literacy; health education; hypertension; treatment adherence and compliance; Medicine (General); R5-920; Public aspects of medicine; RA1-1270
• Source: Revista Brasileira em Promoção da Saúde, Vol 33, Pp 1-12 (2020)

Objective: To investigate factors associated with Functional Health Literacy (FHL), as well as its role as a probable protective factor for treatment adherence in individuals with hypertension (SAH), attended in Primary Health Care (Atenção Primária à Saúde - APS) units. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with APS users under antihypertensive medication in the city of Salvador, Bahia. Illiterate or functionally illiterate patients were excluded, as well as those with a history of ischemic stroke. Data were collected between November 2015 and August 2016. Sociodemographic and clinical data were accessed utilizing a structured instrument developed by the authors, and the FHL was assessed using the REALM. Descriptive analyses and logistic regression were performed. Results: The population comprised 286 individuals and it was observed that low schooling was associated with inadequate FHL, both in the gross and adjusted analysis (OR = 9.25; CI95%: 4.49 - 19.05) and with the professional activity of manual labor (OR = 9.90; CI95%: 2.08 - 46.90). In patients with schooling levels of over 8 years, it was observed that the FHL was significantly associated with non-adherence to medical treatment, even after adjustment by gender, age, civil status, physical activity, and skin color (OR = 3.0; CI95%: 1.2 - 7.9). Conclusions: Inadequate FHL was significantly associated with non-adhesion to treatment only for those with over 8 years of schooling. Improvements in health promotion actions should be reinforced to address chronic diseases such as SAH.