Crude toxin of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans serotype-B increase PARP-1 expression in gingival epithelium

• Main Author: Ernie Maduratna Setiawatie (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: Universitas Airlangga, 2012-03-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Summary

<p><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Background: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitants) serotype-B has long been associated with </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>aggressive periodontitis. Gingival epithelial cell is exquisitely sensitive to the toxin so that may lead to disruption of the epithelial </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>protective barrier, facilitating invasion and perturbation of the underlying connective tissue. Currently suggested that Aa serotypeB produce protein toxin that caused DNA strand breaks. PARP-1 is an abundant nuclear protein functioning as a DNA nick-sensor </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>enzyme. PARP-1 was one of the first identified substrates of caspases, the main executioners of apoptosis. Therefore, a role for PARP-1 </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>in the regulation of apoptosis has been suggested. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Purpose: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>The purpose of this study was to prove PARP-1 expression in gingival </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>epithelium caused by toxin exposure of A. actinomycetemcomitant serotype-B. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Methods: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>This is an experimental study involving twenty </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>adult mice strain Swiss Webster (balb C) divided randomly into two groups: control group (Group A) and toxin group (Group B). Both </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>group were acclimated for one week before treatment. Group A was applied topically with sterile distillated water every 12 hours. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Group B was applied topically by 100μg/ml of crude toxin A. actinomycetemcomitant serotype B at the buccal area of mandibular </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>anterior teeth using Hamilton syringe. The mice were sacrificed at 24 hours after toxin application, and then the tissue sections of </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>gingival epithelium were stained with immunohistochemistry to reveal the PARP-1 expression. The data were analyzed with t-test. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Results: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>The PARP-1 expression exhibited an increase with the toxin group (mean= 48.9; SD= 2.01) compared with the control group </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>(mean= 25.21; SD= 1.72). DNA fragmentation appeared from the agarose gel examination, marked as DNA laddering, indicate the cell </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>apoptosis. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Conclusion: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>In conclusion the crude toxin exposure of A. actinomycetemcomitant serotype-B leads to DNA fragmentation </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>and increase PARP-1 expression.</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Latar belakang: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Aggregatibacteractinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitant) serotype-B merupakan etiologi utama </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>periodontitis agresif.
Sel epitel gingiva sangat sensitif terhadap toksin sehingga dapat mengganggu epitel sebagai pertahanan </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>awal gingiva, membantu invasi toksin dan mengganggu jaringan ikat dibawahnya. Saat ini diketahui bahwa toksin bakteri Aa </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>serotype-B menyebabkan putusnya rantai DNA. PARP-1 merupakan protein dalam intisel yang berfungsi sebagai DNA nicksensor enzyme. PARP-1 merupakan penanda awal apoptosis, sehingga peran PARP-1 dalam pengaturan apoptosis perlu diteliti </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Tujuan: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti ekspresi PARP-1 pada epitel gingiva yang dipapar toksin bakteri </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>A. actinomycetemcomitant serotype-B. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Metode: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Penelitian eksperimen pada 20 mencit strain Swiss Webster (balb C) dibagi </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>secara random dalam 2 kelompok, kelompok kontrol (Group A) dan kelompok perlakuan (Group B). Kedua kelompok diaklimasi </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>sebelumnya selama 1 minggu. Kelompok diaplikasi secara topikal dengan air destilasi steril setiap 12 jam. Kelompok B diaplikasi </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>100 μg/ml toksin A. actinomycetemcomitant serotype-B secara topikal dengan menggunakan Hamilton syringe. Mencit dimatikan 24 </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>jam setelah aplikasi toksin kemudian potongan epitel gingiva dilakukan pemeriksaan secara imunohistokimia untuk melihat ekspresi </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>PARP-1. Data dianalisis dengan uji-t. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Hasil: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Ekspresi PARP-1 menunjukkan penigkatan pada kelompok perlakuan (Mean = 48,9; SD = </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>2,01) bila dibanding kelopok kontrol (Mean= 25,21; SD= 1,72). Tampak adanya gambaran DNA fragmentasi pada pemeriksaan gel </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>elektroforesis yang menunjukkan adanya apoptosis. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Kesimpulan: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Dapat disimpulkan bahwa paparan toksin A. actinomycetemcomitant </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>serotype-B menyebabkan DNA fragmentasi, dan meningkatkan ekspresi PARP-1.</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

Item Description

1978-3728
2442-9740
10.20473/j.djmkg.v45.i1.p39-42