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Physiological Responses of Continuous and Intermittent Swimming at Critical Speed and Maximum Lactate Steady State in Children and Adolescent Swimmers

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare physiological responses during continuous and intermittent swimming at intensity corresponding to critical speed (CS: slope of the distance vs. time relationship using 200 and 400-m tests) with maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) in children and a...

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Main Authors: Ioannis S. Nikitakis (Author), Giorgos P. Paradisis (Author), Gregory C. Bogdanis (Author), Argyris G. Toubekis (Author)
Format: Book
Published: MDPI AG, 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z.
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Summary:Background: The purpose of this study was to compare physiological responses during continuous and intermittent swimming at intensity corresponding to critical speed (CS: slope of the distance vs. time relationship using 200 and 400-m tests) with maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) in children and adolescents. Methods: CS and the speed corresponding to MLSS (sMLSS) were calculated in ten male children (11.5 &plusmn; 0.4 years) and ten adolescents (15.8 &plusmn; 0.7 years). Blood lactate concentration (BL), oxygen uptake ( V &middot; O2), and heart rate (HR) at sMLSS were compared to intermittent (10 &times; 200-m) and continuous swimming corresponding to CS. Results: CS was similar to sMLSS in children (1.092 &plusmn; 0.071 vs. 1.083 &plusmn; 0.065 m&middot;s&minus;1; p = 0.12) and adolescents (1.315 &plusmn; 0.068 vs. 1.297 &plusmn; 0.056 m&middot;s&minus;1; p = 0.12). However, not all swimmers were able to complete 30 min at CS and BL was higher at the end of continuous swimming at CS compared to sMLSS (children: CS: 4.0 &plusmn; 1.8, sMLSS: 3.4 &plusmn; 1.5; adolescents: CS: 4.5 &plusmn; 2.3, sMLSS: 3.1 &plusmn; 0.8 mmol&middot;L&minus;1; p < 0.05). V &middot; O2 and HR in continuous swimming at CS were not different compared to sMLSS (p > 0.05). BL, V &middot; O2 and HR in 10 &times; 200-m were similar to sMLSS and no different between groups. Conclusion: Intermittent swimming at CS presents physiological responses similar to sMLSS. Metabolic responses of continuous swimming at CS may not correspond to MLSS in some children and adolescent swimmers.
Item Description:2075-4663
10.3390/sports7010025

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