Synbiotic Effects of <i>Saccharomyces</i><i>cerevisiae</i>, Mannan Oligosaccharides, and β-Glucan on Innate Immunity, Antioxidant Status, and Disease Resistance of Nile Tilapia, <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>
Synbiotic (SYN) additives were assessed as an antibiotic alternative on the effects on the nonspecific immune response and disease resistance of <i>O. niloticus</i> to <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. Healthy fish (n = 120, average initial weight 18 ± 2 g) were allotted randomly into fo...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Book |
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MDPI AG,
2021-05-01T00:00:00Z.
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| Summary: | Synbiotic (SYN) additives were assessed as an antibiotic alternative on the effects on the nonspecific immune response and disease resistance of <i>O. niloticus</i> to <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. Healthy fish (n = 120, average initial weight 18 ± 2 g) were allotted randomly into four experimental groups (3 replicates for each); 1) a control group with no additives (CON), 2) basal diet complemented with 0.1 g kg<sup>-1</sup> diets of norfloxacin, NFLX, 3) basal diet fortified with 1 mL kg<sup>-1</sup> diet of SYN, and 4) basal diet complemented with a mixture of NFLX and SYN, which was carried out for eight weeks. Results showed a significant increase (<i>p</i> < 0.01) in the serum immune parameters (total protein, globulin and albumin, nitric oxide (NO), and lysozyme activity) in the SYN group and the NFLX+SYN group compared with the CON and NFLX groups. The serum glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides were higher in NFLX and NFLX+SYN groups than the CON and SYN groups. The catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities were significantly augmented in the NFLX+SYN group, followed by the SYN group compared with CON and NFLX groups. The cumulative mortality rate (CMR) of <i>O. niloticus</i> following the <i>P. aeruginosa</i> challenge was decreased in the SYN group compared to other groups. The results emphasize that synbiotic could be used as a norfloxacin alternative to enhance the related immunological parameters, including antioxidant activity and disease resistance against <i>P. aeruginosa</i> infection of <i>O. niloticus</i>. |
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| Item Description: | 10.3390/antibiotics10050567 2079-6382 |