Precision nutrition impact on metabolic health and quality of life in aging population after a 3-month intervention: A randomized intervention

• Main Authors: Cristina Galarregui (Author), Santiago Navas-Carretero (Author), M. Angeles Zulet (Author), Carlos J. González-Navarro (Author), J. Alfredo Martínez (Author), Begoña de Cuevillas (Author), Helena Marcos-Pasero (Author), Elena Aguilar-Aguilar (Author), Guillermo Reglero (Author), Ana Ramirez de Molina (Author), Paloma Chausa (Author), Jose M. Iniesta (Author), M. Elena Hernando (Author), Enrique J. Gómez (Author), Alejandro Garcia-Rudolph (Author), Alberto García-Molina (Author), Viviana Loria-Kohen (Author), Itziar Abete (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: Elsevier, 2024-07-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.
• Notes: 1760-4788; 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100289
• Keywords: Precision nutrition; Healthy aging; Chronic diseases; Functional foods; Quality of life; Internal medicine; RC31-1245
• Source: The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging, Vol 28, Iss 7, Pp 100289- (2024)

Objectives: Innovative precision dietary procedures are required to promote healthy aging. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a personalised strategy based on the inclusion of individualised foods and digital tools on overall health status and quality of life within a follow-up of 3 months in older adults with overweight or obesity. Methods: 127 men and women aged between 50 and 80 years with overweight/obesity participated in the study-between January 2020 and September 2020 at the Center for Nutrition Research-University of Navarra and IMDEA-ALIMENTACIÓN-and were randomly assigned to a usual-care group (standard recommendations) or precision group (precision nutrition strategy based on the inclusion of individualised foods and a mobile application). Anthropometry, body fat percentage, biochemical parameters, diet, and quality of life (SF-36 Health Survey) were assessed at baseline and after 3 months. Results: Both strategies were found to improve overall metabolic health; however, the precision approach demonstrated significantly better outcomes. The precision strategy reduced body weight at 3 months (−4.3 kg; p < 0.001) with significant improvements in body fat percentage, blood pressure and general metabolic health (glycated haemoglobin; alanine aminotransferase; aspartate aminotransferase; hepatic steatosis index) in comparison with the standard recommendations. The precision approach significantly enhanced the quality of life (SF-36) of individuals, with additional improvements in emotional well-being (p = 0.024) and vitality (p = 0.008). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was significantly associated with a higher quality of life and vitality. Conclusion: These results support the benefit of precision nutrition approaches for promoting healthy aging and emotional well-being, enhancing the quality of life in aging populations, during the COVID-19 pandemic.