Aspects related to the inference of causality in cross-sectional studies. Comments on: "8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine protein immunoexpression is associated with the pathogenesis of actinic cheilitis" - Ivanka Miranda de Castro Martins; Anna Carolina Miola; Luiz Eduardo Fabrício de Melo Garbers; Hélio Amante Miot (Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia, 2024)