Beta-lactamase resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae from Nigeria

• Main Authors: Babafela B. Awosile (Author), Michael Agbaje (Author), Oluwawemimo Adebowale (Author), Olugbenga Kehinde (Author), Ezekiel Omoshaba (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: AOSIS, 2022-02-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.
• Notes: 2225-2002; 2225-2010; 10.4102/ajlm.v11i1.1371
• Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; beta-lactamase gene; nigeria; review; epidemiology; Public aspects of medicine; RA1-1270; Medicine (General); R5-920
• Source: African Journal of Laboratory Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp e1-e10 (2022)

Background: Beta-lactamase genes are one of the most important groups of antimicrobial resistance genes in human and animal health. Therefore, continuous surveillance of this group of resistance genes is needed for a better understanding of the local epidemiology within a country and global dissemination. Aim: This review was carried out to identify different beta-lactamase resistance genes reported in published literature from Nigeria. Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out on eligible Nigerian articles retrieved from electronic literature searches of PubMed®, African Journals Online, and Google Scholar published between January 1990 and December 2019. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses method was adopted to facilitate clarity and transparency in reporting review findings. Results: Fifty-seven articles were included. All beta-lactamases reported were detected from Gram-negative bacteria, particularly from Enterobacteriaceae. Thirty-six different beta-lactamase genes were reported in Nigeria. These genes belong to the narrow-spectrum, AmpC, extended-spectrum and carbapenemase beta-lactamase resistance genes. The pooled proportion estimate of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes in Nigeria was 31% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 26% - 36%, p 0.0001), while the estimate of the blaCTX-M-15 gene in Nigeria was 46% (95% CI: 36% - 57%, p 0.0001). The proportion estimate of AmpC genes was 32% (95% CI: 11% - 52%, p 0.001), while the estimate for carbapenemases was 8% (95% CI: 5% - 12%, p 0.001). Conclusion: This study provides information on beta-lactamase distribution in Nigeria. This is necessary for a better understanding of molecular epidemiology of clinically important beta-lactamases, especially the extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and carbapenemases in Nigeria.