Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> Strains Isolated from Neonates in Germany
Young children are frequently colonized with <i>Clostridioides</i> (<i>C.</i>) <i>difficile</i>. Depending on their resistance patterns, antibiotic treatment can facilitate gastrointestinal spreading in colonized individuals, potentially leading to transmission to...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Book |
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MDPI AG,
2020-08-01T00:00:00Z.
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| Summary: | Young children are frequently colonized with <i>Clostridioides</i> (<i>C.</i>) <i>difficile</i>. Depending on their resistance patterns, antibiotic treatment can facilitate gastrointestinal spreading in colonized individuals, potentially leading to transmission to others. <i>C. difficile</i> was isolated from stool samples from infants born in two hospitals in Göttingen and Darmstadt, Germany. All isolates were subjected to phenotypic antimicrobial resistance testing, PCR-based screening for toxin genes and mass spectrometry-based exclusion of ribotypes 027 and 176. Within an initial cohort of 324 neonates with a longitudinal survey of <i>C. difficile</i>, 137 strains were isolated from 48 individuals. Antimicrobial resistance was recorded against metronidazole in one (0.7%), erythromycin in 16 (11.7%) and moxifloxacin in 2 (1.5%) of the strains, whereas no resistance was observed against vancomycin (0.0%) or rifampicin (0.0%). Newly observed resistance against erythromycin in children with detection of previously completely sensitive isolates was reported for <i>C. difficile</i> isolates from 2 out of 48 children. In 20 children (42%), non-toxigenic strains were detected, and from 27 children (56%), toxigenic strains were isolated, while both toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains were recorded for 1 child (2%). Ribotypes 027 or 176 were not observed. In conclusion, the German <i>C. difficile</i> strains isolated from the children showed mild to moderate resistance with predominance of macrolide resistance, a substance class which is frequently applied in children. The observed switches to the dominance of macrolide-resistant isolates suggests likely selection of resistant <i>C. difficile</i> strains already in children. |
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| Item Description: | 10.3390/antibiotics9080481 2079-6382 |