Extraction and Fractionation of Bioactives from <em>Dipsacus fullonum</em> L. Leaves and Evaluation of Their Anti-<em>Borrelia</em> Activity
Lyme disease (LD) is a tick-borne bacterial disease that is caused by <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>. Although acute LD is treated with antibiotics, it can develop into relapsing chronic form caused by latent forms of <i>B. burgdorferi</i>. This leads to the search for phytochem...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Book |
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MDPI AG,
2022-01-01T00:00:00Z.
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| Summary: | Lyme disease (LD) is a tick-borne bacterial disease that is caused by <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>. Although acute LD is treated with antibiotics, it can develop into relapsing chronic form caused by latent forms of <i>B. burgdorferi</i>. This leads to the search for phytochemicals against resistant LD. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the activity of <i>Dipsacus fullonum</i> L. leaves extract (DE) and its fractions against stationary phase <i>B. burgdorferi</i> in vitro. DE showed high activity against stationary phase <i>B. burgdorferi</i> (residual viability 19.8 ± 4.7%); however, it exhibited a noticeable cytotoxicity on NIH cells (viability 20.2 ± 5.2%). The iridoid-glycoside fraction showed a remarkable anti-<i>Borrelia</i> effect and reduced cytotoxicity. The iridoid-glycoside fraction was, therefore, further purified and showed to contain two main bioactives-sylvestrosides III and IV, that showed a considerable anti-<i>Borrelia</i> activity being the least toxic to murine fibroblast NIH/3T3 cells. Moreover, the concentration of sylvestrosides was about 15% of DE, endorsing the feasibility of purification of the compounds from <i>D. fullonum</i> L. leaves. |
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| Item Description: | 10.3390/ph15010087 1424-8247 |