Finite element analysis of archwire parameters and activation forces on the M/F ratio of vertical, L- and T-loops

• Main Author: Yongqing Cai (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: BMC, 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.
• Notes: 10.1186/s12903-020-1059-z; 1472-6831
• Keywords: M/F ratio; Loop mechanics; Loop design parameter; Activation force; Finite element analysis; Dentistry; RK1-715
• Source: BMC Oral Health, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2020)

Abstract Background The ability of a loop to generate a certain moment/force ratio (M/F ratio) can achieve the desired tooth movement in orthodontics. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of elastic modulus, cross-sectional dimensions, loop configuration geometry dimensions, and activation force on the generated M/F ratio of vertical, L- and T-loops. Methods A total of 120 three-dimensional loop models were constructed with the Solidworks 2017 software and used for simulating loop activation with the Abaqus 6.14 software. Six vertical loop variations, 9 L-loop variations, and 9 T-loop variations were evaluated. In each group, only one parameter was variable [loop height, ring radius, leg length, leg step distance, legs distance, upper length, different archwire materials (elastic modulus), cross-sectional dimension, and activation force]. Results The simulation results of the displacement and von Mises stress of each loop were investigated. The maximum displacement in the height direction was recorded to calculate the M/F ratio. The quantitative change trends in the generated M/F ratio of the loops with respect to various variables were established. Conclusions Increasing the loop height can increase the M/F ratio of the loop. This increasing trend is, especially, much more significant in T-loops compared with vertical loops and L-loops. In vertical loops, increasing the ring radius is much more effective than increasing the loop height to increase the M/F ratio of the loop. Compared with SS, TMA archwire loops can generate a higher M/F ratio due to its lower elastic modulus. Loops with a small cross-sectional area and high activation force can generate a high M/F ratio. The introduction of a leg step to loops does not increase the M/F ratio of loops.