Vitamin C Deficiency Reduces Neurogenesis and Proliferation in the SVZ and Lateral Ventricle Extensions of the Young Guinea Pig Brain

Although scurvy, the severe form of vitamin C deficiency, has been almost eradicated, the prevalence of subclinical vitamin C deficiency is much higher than previously estimated and its impact on human health might not be fully understood. Vitamin C is an essential molecule, especially in the centra...

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Main Authors: Nery Jara (Author), Manuel Cifuentes (Author), Fernando Martínez (Author), Iván González-Chavarría (Author), Katterine Salazar (Author), Lucas Ferrada (Author), Francisco Nualart (Author)
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Published: MDPI AG, 2022-10-01T00:00:00Z.
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001 doaj_e3042f2c75d74f58babc3d9959ea34e8
042 |a dc 
100 1 0 |a Nery Jara  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Manuel Cifuentes  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Fernando Martínez  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Iván González-Chavarría  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Katterine Salazar  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Lucas Ferrada  |e author 
700 1 0 |a Francisco Nualart  |e author 
245 0 0 |a Vitamin C Deficiency Reduces Neurogenesis and Proliferation in the SVZ and Lateral Ventricle Extensions of the Young Guinea Pig Brain 
260 |b MDPI AG,   |c 2022-10-01T00:00:00Z. 
500 |a 10.3390/antiox11102030 
500 |a 2076-3921 
520 |a Although scurvy, the severe form of vitamin C deficiency, has been almost eradicated, the prevalence of subclinical vitamin C deficiency is much higher than previously estimated and its impact on human health might not be fully understood. Vitamin C is an essential molecule, especially in the central nervous system where it performs numerous, varied and critical functions, including modulation of neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation. Although it was originally considered to occur only in the embryonic brain, it is now widely accepted that neurogenesis also takes place in the adult brain. The subventricular zone (SVZ) is the neurogenic niche where the largest number of new neurons are born; however, the effect of vitamin C deficiency on neurogenesis in this key region of the adult brain is unknown. Therefore, through BrdU labeling, immunohistochemistry, confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, we analyzed the proliferation and cellular composition of the SVZ and the lateral ventricle (LVE) of adult guinea pigs exposed to a vitamin-C-deficient diet for 14 and 21 days. We found that neuroblasts in the SVZ and LVE were progressively and significantly decreased as the days under vitamin C deficiency elapsed. The neuroblasts in the SVZ and LVE decreased by about 50% in animals with 21 days of deficiency; this was correlated with a reduction in BrdU positive cells in the SVZ and LVE. In addition, the reduction in neuroblasts was not restricted to a particular rostro-caudal area, but was observed throughout the LVE. We also found that vitamin C deficiency altered cellular morphology at the ultrastructural level, especially the cellular and nuclear morphology of ependymal cells of the LVE. Therefore, vitamin C is essential for the maintenance of the SVZ cell populations required for normal activity of the SVZ neurogenic niche in the adult guinea pig brain. Based on our results from the guinea pig brain, we postulate that vitamin C deficiency could also affect neurogenesis in the human brain. 
546 |a EN 
690 |a vitamin C 
690 |a ascorbic acid 
690 |a subventricular zone 
690 |a lateral ventricle extensions 
690 |a adult neurogenesis 
690 |a Therapeutics. Pharmacology 
690 |a RM1-950 
655 7 |a article  |2 local 
786 0 |n Antioxidants, Vol 11, Iss 10, p 2030 (2022) 
787 0 |n https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/10/2030 
787 0 |n https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3921 
856 4 1 |u https://doaj.org/article/e3042f2c75d74f58babc3d9959ea34e8  |z Connect to this object online.