High-Frequency Repetitive Magnetic Stimulation Activates Bactericidal Activity of Macrophages via Modulation of p62/Keap1/Nrf2 and p38 MAPK Pathways
The effects of repetitive magnetic stimulation (rMS) have predominantly been studied in excitable cells, with limited research in non-excitable cells. This study aimed to investigate the impact of rMS on macrophages, which are crucial cells in the innate immune defense. THP-1-derived macrophages sub...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Book |
| Published: |
MDPI AG,
2023-08-01T00:00:00Z.
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| Summary: | The effects of repetitive magnetic stimulation (rMS) have predominantly been studied in excitable cells, with limited research in non-excitable cells. This study aimed to investigate the impact of rMS on macrophages, which are crucial cells in the innate immune defense. THP-1-derived macrophages subjected to a 5 min session of 10 Hz rMS exhibited increased Nrf2 activation and decreased Keap1 expression. We found that activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway relied on rMS-induced phosphorylation of p62. Notably, rMS reduced the intracellular survival of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in macrophages. Silencing Nrf2 using siRNA in THP-1-derived macrophages or utilizing Nrf2 knockout in alveolar macrophages abolished this effect. Additionally, rMS attenuated the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α inflammatory genes by <i>S. aureus</i> and inhibited p38 MAPK activation. These findings highlight the capacity of rMS to activate the non-canonical Nrf2 pathway, modulate macrophage function, and enhance the host's defense against bacterial infection. |
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| Item Description: | 10.3390/antiox12091695 2076-3921 |