Dissemination of Carbapenemases and MCR-1 Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria in Aquatic Environments in Batna, Algeria

Antibiotic-resistant-bacteria are being considered as emerging environmental contaminants where the importance of the surrounding environment in their emergence and dissemination has been emphasized. The aim of this study was to screen for the presence and diversity of carbapenem- and colistin-resis...

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Main Authors: Zineb Cherak (Author), Lotfi Loucif (Author), Esma Bendjama (Author), Abdelhamid Moussi (Author), Amel Benbouza (Author), Nadia Grainat (Author), Jean-Marc Rolain (Author)
Format: Book
Published: MDPI AG, 2022-09-01T00:00:00Z.
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Summary:Antibiotic-resistant-bacteria are being considered as emerging environmental contaminants where the importance of the surrounding environment in their emergence and dissemination has been emphasized. The aim of this study was to screen for the presence and diversity of carbapenem- and colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (GNBs) in different aquatic environments. Water samples were collected in Batna, Algeria. Carbapenem- and colistin-resistant GNBs were selectively isolated and then identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. After phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility testing, the molecular mechanisms of β-lactams and colistin-resistance were investigated by PCR and sequencing. The clonality of <i>mcr-1</i> positive <i>Escherichia coli</i> was determined by multi-locus sequence typing. We noticed a high level of resistance in both tap water and wastewater. The most commonly found carbapenem-resistance mechanism was the OXA-48 enzyme, but other carbapenemases were also detected. In addition, the <i>mcr-1</i> gene was detected in 18 <i>E. coli</i> of different sequence types. Our findings highlight the role of aquatic environments in the dissemination of resistant-bacteria, especially considering that water is a connecting medium between different ecological systems and can easily transmit resistant-bacteria and promote horizontal gene transfer. Thus, the development of effective treatment strategies for eliminating antibiotic-resistance is seriously needed.
Item Description:10.3390/antibiotics11101314
2079-6382